本雅明的文学翻译思想研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 08:07

本文选题：瓦尔特·本雅明 + 文学翻译　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在传统翻译思想中,译作与原作一直处在一种不平等的二元对立中,这是受西方形而上学传统哲学的影响。西方传统哲学的核心是二元对立。从苏格拉底、柏拉图到康德,列维-斯特劳斯整个西方形而上学传统都是“逻各斯中心主义”。但瓦尔特·本雅明的思想有所不同。瓦尔特·本雅明早期研究康德、席勒、尼采,追随青年黑格尔派,后受卡巴拉教和犹太神秘主义学术研究创始人朔勒姆的影响,开始研究犹太教义。1924年,他又在德国马克思主义哲学家布洛赫和拉脱维亚布尔什维克主义演员兼导演拉齐丝的影响下,攻读马克思、思格斯原著。到30年代,他的思想开始从早期的形而上学和语言哲学逐渐向马克思主义文艺理论过渡。他反感康德,渴望打破精神局限,提倡平等。这些思想都在他的翻译思想中得到了体现。具体说来,不同于传统思想,本雅明提出原作与译作之间有三种不同的关系,即切线关系,互补关系和延续关系。切线关系指的是译作与原作之间的一种既忠实又背离的关系；互补关系指的是译作与原作之间,译作与译作之间的一种语言互补关系；延续关系指的是译作是原作的一种生命的延续。这三种关系使得原作与译作关系由传统的原形和复制关系变为了平等互补处在同一平面的关系。这也是为什么他认为文学翻译尽管受到很多因素的制约,还是应该同原作一样同属于一种艺术创作；同时翻译并不是为了机械复制原文的信息和内容,而是为了传递原文中本质的东西,也就是光韵。原作的“光韵”产生于历史,又在历史变迁中慢慢退去。尽管原作的“光韵”很容易消失,但译者还是要竭力捕捉这份“光韵”,以延续原作的生命。本文所谈到的本雅明的三种翻译思想,虽然并非是本雅明所明确提出来并加以论证说明的观点,但这些观点是本文作者在反复阅读本雅明的翻译、语言学、哲学、文论等著作后,从他的字里行间推导总结出来的观点,并加上了自己的分析以及举例论证说明。这三种观点分别是翻译是一种受到限制的艺术创作,译作与原作有三种不同的关系,以及翻译中要注意原作光韵传递的问题。第一种观点是后两个观点产生的基础,而第二个观点又和第三个观点紧密相联。一般来说,学者对本雅明翻译思想的研究常集中在他的纯语言观,可译性,以及他跟解构主义的关系上,而不是对他晦涩难懂的理论著作进行抽丝剥茧,以寻找出体系化的文学翻译思想。而事实上这点是可行的。本文的创新点在于通过对他理论著作的分析研究,整理归纳出三种具有内在联系的文学翻译思想,同时对这些思想进行解析,追溯其根源,指明三种观点的内在联系。具体说来,关于这三种文学翻译思想的讨论从大体上说可以分成以下六个部分：1)时代背景；2)思想是从哪里归纳而来的；3)关于这一思想的具体阐释和分析；4)关于思想形成的可能原因和来源,这些原因和来源可能是受到宗教、哲学或者是前人理论的影响而产生的；5)关于思想中涉及到的神学和哲学概念的解释和分析；6)这一思想对后人的启示,并举例说明。从结构上说,本文一共分为五个部分。引言简单介绍了瓦尔特·本雅明的主要求学经历、著作以及国内外学者关于他的研究情况,并阐述了文章的研究要点和论文的创新之处。第一章主要讲了本雅明翻译思想的基础,翻译的三个特性,翻译的艺术性、创作性和限制性。第二章主要阐述了译作与原作的三种关系,切线关系,互补关系和延续关系。第三章主要谈了翻译中光韵的传递问题。这一章又可以再分为四个部分,第一部分是文学艺术作品中的光韵,第二部分是将光韵与中国类似观点进行比较,第三部分是原作光韵的传承,第四部分是译作光韵的遗失。最后,结论部分总结了本文的主要内容,并谈到了作者关于本雅明写作原因及目的的猜测,以及他思想中存在的一些不足之处。本文归纳推导分析了本雅明的三种文学翻译思想,旨在为翻译理论研究者提出系统研究探讨本雅明翻译思想的可能性,并为译者和读者提出一个新的鉴赏译作的角度。
[Abstract]:In the traditional translation thought, the translation and the original work have been in an unequal two yuan opposition, which is influenced by the traditional philosophy of metaphysics in the West. The core of the western traditional philosophy is the two yuan opposition. From Socrates, Platon to Kant and Levi Strauss, the whole western school tradition is "logos centralism". Walter Benjamin's thoughts are different.
Walter Benjamin's early study of Kant, Schiller, Nietzsche, followed by the youth Hagel school, and later influenced by Kabara O and the founder of the Jewish mysticism academic research, began to study the Jewish doctrine of.1924. He was also a German Marx philosopher, Bloch and Latvia Bolshevism actors and directors. Under the influence of Marx and Gus, his thought began to transition from early metaphysics and language philosophy to Marx's theory of literature and art in 30s. He disliked Kantian, eager to break spiritual limitations and advocate equality. All these ideas were reflected in his thinking of translation.
Specifically, unlike traditional ideas, Walter Benjamin proposed that there are three different relationships between the original and the translated works, that is, the tangential, the complementary relationship and the continuation relationship. The tangential relation refers to the relationship between the translation and the original, and the relationship between the translation and the original, the translation and the translation. The three relations make the relationship between the original and the translation changed from the traditional origin and the reproduction relationship to the equality and complementarity in the same plane. This is why he thinks that literary translation should be the same as the original, although it is restricted by many factors. The same kind belongs to a kind of artistic creation; at the same time, translation is not to reproduce the information and content of the original text mechanically, but to convey the essential things in the original text, that is, light rhyme. The original "light rhyme" is produced in history and is slowly retreated in historical changes. Although the original "light rhyme" is easy to disappear, the translator still has to do its best. Capture this "light rhyme" to continue the life of the original.
The three kinds of translation thoughts of Walter Benjamin mentioned in this article are not the point of view that Walter Benjamin has explicitly proposed and demonstrated, but these views are the author's views derived from his words and words after repeated reading of Walter Benjamin's translation, linguistics, philosophy and literary theory, plus his own analysis. The three points of view are that translation is a restricted art creation, there are three different relationships between the translation and the original, and the translation should pay attention to the transmission of the original light rhyme. The first view is the basis for the generation of the latter two, and the second points are closely linked to the third views.
Generally speaking, the scholars' research on Walter Benjamin's translation thought is often concentrated on his view of pure language, translatability, and his relationship with deconstruction rather than to his obscure theoretical works to find out a systematic literary translation thought. In fact, this is feasible. The analysis and study of his theoretical works collate and generalize three kinds of literary translation thoughts with internal relations. At the same time, these ideas are analyzed, their roots are traced, and the inner links of the three views are pointed out. In particular, the discussion of the three literary translation ideas can be divided into six parts in general: 1) the background of the times; 2) Where is the thought derived from; 3) the specific interpretation and analysis of this thought; 4) the possible causes and sources of the formation of thought, which may be derived from the influence of religion, philosophy, or former theory; 5) the interpretation and analysis of theological and philosophical concepts involved in the thought; 6) The inspiration of a thought to the posterity is illustrated by an example.
In terms of structure, this article is divided into five parts. The introduction briefly introduces Walter Benjamin's main study experience, works and the domestic and foreign scholars' research on him, and expounds the main points of the study and the innovation of the paper. The first chapter mainly talks about the basis of Walter Benjamin's Translation thought, the three characteristics of translation, and the translation. The second chapter mainly expounds the three relations between the translation and the original work, the tangential relationship, the complementary relationship and the continuity relationship. The third chapter mainly talks about the transmission of light rhyme in translation. This chapter can be divided into four parts, the first part is the light rhyme in the literary and artistic works, and the second part is the light rhyme and the rhyme. China's similar views are compared, the third part is the inheritance of the original light rhyme, the fourth part is the loss of the translation of the light rhyme. Finally, the conclusion part sums up the main content of this article, and discusses the author's speculation about the reason and purpose of Walter Benjamin's writing, as well as some inadequacies in his thought.
This article deduce and deduce the three ideas of Walter Benjamin's literary translation, which aims at making a systematic study of the possibility of exploring Walter Benjamin's translation ideas for the translation theory researchers and putting forward a new angle of appreciation for the translator and readers.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H059;I046

【共引文献】