20世纪西方对话理论初探

发布时间：2018-07-05 07:35

本文选题：20世纪 + 西方　；参考：《扬州大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：从西方哲学和美学来看,交流与对话已经成为当代世界全力关注的重要问题之一。它们既是哲学和美学对当代世界现实实践的迫切需要的应答,也是理论自身内在逻辑运演的必然趋势。在这个背景下,本文拟探讨20世纪西方对话理论。对话观念由来已久,有它的历史传承性。从古希腊、古罗马到德国古典美学时期,从苏格拉底、柏拉图到黑格尔、费尔巴哈,他们的观点或理论都有对对话的隐约触及。这一时期可以看作对话观念的萌发阶段。 20世纪对话理论得到勃发。巴赫金的对话诗学理论从他的超语言学入手,剖析了陀思妥耶夫斯基的小说,阐发了复调理论;分析了狂欢节话语,阐发了狂欢化理论。这组成了他的对话诗学理论。伽达默尔的哲学解释学非常强调理解的语言性和理解的历史性,他的解释学对话理论强调以开放的对话结构,与历史进行对话。文本的理解也是一种对话。哈贝马斯的交往合理化对话理论在他的交往行动理论基础上,提出选择恰当的语言进行对话,是实现交往合理化的途径之一。同时他提出对话的交互主体性。涉及到文学(艺术)领域,哈贝马斯认为文学(艺术)是交往对话的中介。总之,在20世纪西方哲学语言学转向的背景下,上述三者的对话理论都首先建立在他们各自的语言学理论或观点之上。其次,三者的对话理论都把主体突出到了一个重要位置,主体——客体的致思模式被主体——主体模式所代替。第三,三者的对话理论,或多或少存在乌托邦色彩。第四,虽然如此,但三者对话理论所体现的人文精神,三者提倡对话,摒弃独白的呼声,可以说也是时代的要求。
[Abstract]:From the point of view of western philosophy and aesthetics, communication and dialogue have become one of the most important issues in the contemporary world. They are not only the urgent response of philosophy and aesthetics to the realistic practice of the contemporary world, but also the inevitable trend of the internal logic operation of the theory itself. In this context, this paper intends to explore the 20 th century western dialogue theory. The idea of dialogue has a long history and has its historical heritage. From ancient Greece, ancient Rome to German classical aesthetics period, from Socrates, Plato to Hegel, Feuerbach, their views or theories have a vague touch on dialogue. This period can be regarded as the germination stage of the idea of dialogue. Bakhtin's theory of dialogue poetics begins with his super-linguistics, analyzes Dostoevsky's novels, expounds polyphonic theory, analyzes the carnival discourse and expounds the carnival theory. This formed his theory of dialogue poetics. Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics emphasizes the language of understanding and the history of understanding. The understanding of the text is also a dialogue. On the basis of Habermas' communicative action theory, Habermas puts forward that choosing appropriate language for dialogue is one of the ways to realize communication rationalization. At the same time, he puts forward the intersubjectivity of dialogue. Concerning the field of literature (art), Habermas thinks that literature (art) is the medium of communication and dialogue. In short, under the background of the turn of western philosophical linguistics in the 20th century, the above three dialogue theories are based on their respective linguistic theories or viewpoints. Secondly, the three theories of dialogue highlight the subject in an important position, and the mode of subject-object thinking is replaced by the subject-subject model. Third, the three dialogue theory, more or less there is a utopian color. Fourth, despite this, the humanistic spirit embodied in the three theories of dialogue and the call for dialogue and rejection of monologues can be said to be the requirements of the times.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：I0

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