童话写作中的幻想新论

发布时间：2018-07-06 07:00

本文选题：童话写作 + 幻想　；参考：《广西师范大学》2000年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在世界儿童文学的发展过程中，童话始终是一个重要和主要的品种。它以其自身独特的姿态、美妙奇异的情节，辉煌灿烂的场面、幽默有味的语言，以及淡言微词中的深刻寓意，赢得了众多读者的青睐。其中既有天真活泼、好奇求知的孩子们；更有老成持重、童心犹存的中老年读者。由此可见童话作品受到了各个地域、各个阶层、各个年龄阶段读者的欢迎。在庄严瑰丽的文学殿堂里，童话无疑也是一支巨大有力的擎天柱。尽管时间的车轮已经驶进了二十一世纪，而拥有千百年悠久历史的童话作品，却一直在历史的长河里，显示出它永恒的魅力。童话的魅力就在于它的幻想性。本文认为：童话是以幻想为主要特征和艺术手段来塑造形象，折射生活的一种写作文体。从写作学的角度来概括就是：童话，是一门幻想的写作艺术。要证明这样的观点，首先就要论述幻想是童话的本质这一根本的问题。(一)对童话的语义考证，我们可以知道，作为一种文学样式，童话，在其诞生之初便带有幻想的品质。(二)经过对童话这种文体变化的追踪，我们也可以发现，幻想在童话的发展变化过程中不是被削弱了，更不是消失了，而是越来越受到重视，越来越得到加强；(三)从童话的发展过程中，我们也可以看到人类为幻想精神寻找安身立命的场所作出的执著努力。即使到了科学高度发展的今天，甚至科学更为发达的未来，人类仍需要童话这样的使幻想精神得以安居和发展的温暖家园；(四)童话的幻想比起其它文学体裁的幻想，其幻想的重要程度要强得多。其它文学体裁的幻想仅仅是作为一种附属因素而存在，并不体现某一文学样式的根本(或重要)特征。而在童话中，幻想却占据最重要的位置。可见，幻想确实是童话的本质。其次，，为了更清楚、更全面、更深入地认识童话的本质，本文追根溯源，继续考察童话幻想的起源。试图通过童话幻想的最初心理发生过程去认以童话幻想。人类学家经过考察，可以确定童话出现在原始社会，而原始社会中，最初的童话幻想是起于原始人对外部周围世界茫茫无知的情况下发生的，他们对周围事物有着神秘的感觉和认同的感觉，从而赋予周围事物以灵性和人性的色彩，他们用互渗的思维方法将周围事物与人的生命现象神秘地联系起来，把人与外部事物视为一体，把荒诞的梦与起初真实的存在视为一体。因此，最初的童话幻想是无意识的幻想，到了原始社会后期，图腾的标志、禁忌的风俗都建立在原始拜物思想的基础上。原始人意识到应该借用某些动植物的力量来为自己壮胆。意识到可以通过不去触犯某些事物来避免灾难，虽然这些是毫无现实可能性的幻想，但却已经是有目的、有企图的幻想。第三，童话之所以能显示出它永恒的躲力，“幻想”起到了举足轻重的作用。童话的幻想使写作主体与写作受体在创作和阅读童话本体的过程中达到某种契合，从而使写作受体进人写作主体营造的幻想世界，使写作受体感受到一种诗意流飞、情景交融的意境美。而这种由童话幻想产生的意境美，是因审美经验中的移情现象而产生的。第四，童话幻想与其它因素的关系：重心是幻想的基础；重话的幻想必须以现实生活作为基础：而夸张、拟人等艺术手法是表现童话幻想的主要手段。第五，童话的发展，必然表现为蚤话幻想的发展。经过千百年的历史发展至今天的童话，其幻想因素必然地显示出时代的特点．所以谈论当代童话写作中童话幻想的几点新变化是不可回避的问题。这一部分随时代的发展必将会呈现出新鲜的内容。所以，在当今乃至将来，童话如何运用幻想这个艺术手段更好地反映新的现实，更好地体现新一代儿童的思想感情，是我们要小断探讨的理论问题。总的来说，本文论述童话写作中的幻想问题，所涉及和讨论到的观点、内容范围，论述的角度是新的，所以说是“新论”。
[Abstract]:In the course of the development of children's literature in the world, fairy tales have always been an important and main variety. With their own unique posture, wonderful strange plot, brilliant scene, humorous and flavorless language, and the profound meaning in the light words, it has won the favor of many readers. They are more mature, childlike and middle-aged readers. This shows that the works of fairy tales are welcomed by readers from all regions, all walks of life and all ages.
In the solemn and magnificent palace of literature, the fairy tale is undoubtedly a powerful and powerful Optimus. Although the wheel of time has already entered the twenty-first Century, the fairy tale with a long history has been in the long history of its history, showing its eternal charm.
The charm of a fairy tale lies in its fantasies. This article holds that a fairy tale is a writing style that portraying the image with the main features and artistic means of fantasy and reflecting life. From the point of view of writing, fairy tales are a fantasy writing art.
To prove this point of view, first of all, we should discuss the fundamental question of fantasy is the essence of fairy tales. (1) the semantic textual research of fairy tales, we can know that, as a literary style, fairy tales have the quality of fantasy at the beginning of their birth. (two) after tracing the change of the style of fairy tales, we can also find that fantasy is in fairy tales. In the process of development and change, it is not weakened, but not disappearing, but more and more attention, more and more strengthened. (three) from the development of fairy tales, we can also see the persistent efforts made by human beings to find the place of life for the spirit of fantasy. That is, to the high development of science today, and even more science. In the future, human beings still need the warm homes of fairy tales to secure and develop their fantasies. (four) the fantasy of fairy tales is much more important than the fantasy of other literary genres. But in fairy tales, fantasy occupies the most important position. It can be seen that fantasy is indeed the essence of fairy tales.
Secondly, in order to make a clearer, more comprehensive and deeper understanding of the essence of fairy tales, this article traces its origins and continues to examine the origin of fairy tales, trying to recognize fairy fantasies through the initial psychological process of fairy tales. Anthropologists can determine the appearance of fairy tales in primitive society, and the original fairy tales in primitive society. It occurs when the primitive people are ignorant of the outside world. They have a sense of mystery and identity to the surrounding things, which endow the surrounding things with the color of spirit and human nature. They connect the surrounding things to the life of the people in a mysterious way by means of mutual infiltration. As a whole, the dream of absurdity is regarded as an integral part of the original existence. Therefore, the original fairy tale fantasy is an unconscious fantasy, to the later stage of the primitive society, the sign of totem, and the prohibition of the totem.
Jealous customs are based on primitive fetishism. Primitive people realized that they should borrow some animal and plant power.
Be brave for yourself. Realize that you can avoid disasters by not offending certain things, though these are unrealistically possible.
Sexual fantasies, but they are purposeful and attempting fantasies.
Third, the fairy tale can show its eternal hiding power. Fantasy plays a pivotal role.
The illusion makes the writing subject and the receptor of writing achieve some agreement in the process of creating and reading the fairy tale ontology.
As a receptor, it enters into the fantasy world created by the main body of writing, so that the reader can feel a poetic flow, a feeling of harmony.
The beauty of artistic conception created by fairy tales is due to empathy in aesthetic experience.
Fourth, the relationship between fairy tale fantasies and other factors: the center of gravity is the foundation of fantasy; the illusion of heavy words must be based on reality.
Living as a basis: exaggeration, personification and other artistic techniques are the main means of expressing fairy tale fantasies.
Fifth, the development of fairy tales is inevitably manifested in the development of fantasy of fleas.
Fairy tales, whose illusions inevitably show the characteristics of the times, talk about fairy tales in contemporary fairy tales.
The new change is an unavoidable problem. This part will show fresh contents along with the development of the times.
Therefore, in today's and even future, how fairy tales apply the illusion of artistic means to better reflect the new reality, and more
To embody the thoughts and feelings of the new generation of children is a theoretical issue that we need to discuss briefly.
In general, this article discusses the fantasy problem in fairy tale writing, the viewpoints and contents discussed and discussed.
The angle of discussion is new, so it is "new".
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2000
【分类号】：I058

【引证文献】