高校民族艺术教育专业建构初探

发布时间：2018-07-25 20:26

【摘要】：我国是一个拥有众多兄弟民族的国度,各族人民自古便生活在这片中华大地之上。新中国成立以来,随着平等开放的民族政策,我国各项民族事业都得到了长足的进步,少数民族的文化艺术教育事业更是得到了突飞猛进的跨越式发展。但是其相对于汉族的艺术教育依然存在一定差距。改革开放以来一些高校开设了各类艺术专业及课程,在弘扬民族传统文化以及非物质文化遗产保护方面起到了较高层次的作用。将民族艺术与高校教育紧密联系起来已经显得势在必行。民族艺术,简单的讲就是一门交叉学科,它兼有“民族学”和“艺术学”双重的学科性质与研究方法。在所有艺术学科之中,民族艺术从涉及内容来看具有较高的综合性、交叉性,这在民族民间的音乐民俗、工艺民俗、仪式民俗突显出来。如,某一民族民间的祭祀仪式中兼有唱(声乐)、念(经文、语言)、做(舞蹈)、乐(器乐、乐器工艺)、像(绘画)、符(书法)、雕塑(立体图腾)、佩饰(工艺、服饰)等诸多方面,其研究涉及“艺术学”中诸多学科领域。因此,民族艺术完全有理由成为突出体现“艺术学”学科综合性的一个突破口,而得到发展,同时作为一门学科它也符合国家对于民族教育的相关政策。到此,一个针对于民族艺术所进行的人才培养即“民族艺术教育”的提法便跃然纸上此外在受到自上世纪六十年代起兴起的“多元化文化教育”思潮的影响之后,使其得到了全新的、更广阔学术视野、发展启示及研究思路,对民族艺术教育的发展起到了一定的促进作用。本文将通过对民族艺术教育现状的思考,引出利用民族艺术教育解决艺术学科综合问题的办法。从基本概念、学科建制入手,通过对国家政策支持、现有文献综述以及现有项目研究成果等方面对民族艺术教育的现状进行探究,最终对民族地区高校开设隶属于“艺术学”门类的民族艺术教育专业提出建议,为民族艺术培养“一专多能”的复合型人才,促进学科良性发展,繁荣中华民族特色文化,创新民族艺术文化教育人才培养的新模式。文章第一部分绪论详细阐述和分析了民族艺术教育的概念范畴与构成,同时简单介绍一下国家的相关政策,最后指出了本文的研究意义及所采用的研究方法。第二部分“高校民族艺术教育现状调查”,首先对于近十年来的相关文献发表状况进行收集整理和述评,然后对民族艺术教育相关研究现状进行分析,最后根据现状提出了几点不足。第三部分“高校民族艺术教育课程体系建构的设想”,从培养目标、研究内容、教材选编、课程设置、人才师资建设等方面对开始民族艺术教育进行构想。第四部分“民族艺术教育发展和展望”,首先简述了建国以来民族艺术教育工作的发展历程,然后交代最新的学科设置动态,最后对民族艺术教育的未来前景进行展望。
[Abstract]:China is a country with many fraternal nations, people of all nationalities have lived on this part of China since ancient times. Since the founding of New China, with the equal and open national policy, all ethnic undertakings in China have made great progress, and the cultural, artistic and educational undertakings of ethnic minorities have been developed by leaps and bounds. However, there is still a certain gap between the art education of the Han nationality and that of the Han nationality. Since the reform and opening up, some colleges and universities have set up various kinds of art majors and courses, which have played a higher role in the promotion of traditional national culture and the protection of intangible cultural heritage. It is imperative to closely link national art with higher education. National art, simply speaking, is an interdisciplinary subject, which has the dual disciplinary nature and research method of "ethnology" and "art study". Among all the subjects of art, the national art has a high degree of comprehensiveness and intersectionality from the point of view of the content involved, which is highlighted in the folk music, craft and ritual folklore. For example, in the sacrificial ceremonies of a certain nationality, there are many aspects such as singing (vocal music), reciting (scripture, language), doing (dancing), music (instrumental music, musical instrument craft), such as (painting), charms (calligraphy), sculpture (stereo totem), ornaments (craftsmanship, costumes) and so on. Its research involves many disciplines in Art. Therefore, the national art has the reason to become an outstanding embodiment "art" discipline comprehensive breach, but obtains the development, at the same time as a discipline it also accords with the national related policy for the national education. Thus, a reference to the cultivation of talents for national art, that is, "national art education," has jumped to the surface. Moreover, it has been influenced by the trend of "pluralistic cultural education" that has arisen since the 1960s. It has got a new and wider academic field of vision, enlightenment and research ideas, and has played a certain role in promoting the development of national art education. Through thinking about the present situation of the national art education, this article will lead to the method of using the national art education to solve the comprehensive problem of the art subject. From the basic concept, subject system, through the national policy support, existing literature review and research results of existing projects to explore the current situation of national art education, Finally, some suggestions are put forward for colleges and universities in ethnic minority areas to set up national art education specialties that belong to the category of "art studies", so as to train "one specialty, many talents", promote the benign development of the discipline, and prosper the characteristic culture of the Chinese nation. To innovate the new mode of cultivating talents in national art and culture education. The first part of the article introduces the concept and composition of the national art education in detail, introduces the relevant policies of the country, and finally points out the significance of the research and the research methods adopted in this paper. The second part is "the investigation of the present situation of the national art education in colleges and universities". Firstly, it collects and reviews the related documents published in the past ten years, and then analyzes the current situation of the research on the national art education. Finally, according to the current situation put forward several deficiencies. The third part, "the idea of constructing the curriculum system of national art education in colleges and universities", conceives to start the national art education from the aspects of cultivation goal, research content, textbook selection, curriculum setup, talent teachers construction, etc. The fourth part, "the development and prospect of national art education", firstly briefly describes the development process of national art education since the founding of the people's Republic of China, then gives an account of the latest development of the subject setup, and finally looks forward to the future prospects of national art education.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J0-4;G642

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