文化政治与当代西方文论的政治化

发布时间：2018-09-02 09:59

【摘要】：1960年代以来的西方国家广泛兴起新社会运动,随之而来的是文化理论的兴盛,文化观念的转变和文化政治的兴起。文学理论发生了向文化理论的范式转换,进而成为文化政治的组成部分,大规模地走向了政治化。就学理层面来看,西方马克思主义和后结构主义两大理论派系,葛兰西、阿尔都塞、雷蒙德·威廉斯、德里达、福柯等五人的理论对文论政治化的影响最大。各家文论流派政治化的路径并不相同,分别侧重与性别政治、种族政治、身份政治、(后)阶级政治、生态政治等后革命政治相关联,但都采取了反本质主义和边缘化叙述这两种策略。文化政治文论极大地提高了文学理论的政治地位,也存在着缺乏宏大政治关怀,忽视文学的审美性和人文性等缺陷。重建文学性,重返人文关怀,重构文学价值,恢复政治的宏大抱负,正在成为文化理论、文化政治热潮之后的当代文学理论的新的发展趋向。
[Abstract]:Since 1960's, the new social movement has emerged widely in western countries, followed by the prosperity of cultural theory, the change of cultural concept and the rise of cultural politics. The literary theory changed to the cultural theory paradigm, and then became the component of cultural politics, and became politicized on a large scale. Theoretically speaking, the theories of Western Marxism and poststructuralism, Gramsci, Althusser, Raymond Williams, Derrida and Foucault have the greatest influence on the politicization of literary theory. The paths of politicization of various literary schools are not the same. They are respectively related to post-revolutionary politics, such as gender politics, ethnic politics, identity politics, (post-class) politics, ecological politics, etc. However, both adopted two strategies of anti-essentialism and marginalizing narration. The theory of cultural and political literature has greatly improved the political status of literary theory, and it also lacks of grand political concern and neglects the aesthetic and humanistic character of literature. The reconstruction of literature, the return of humanistic care, the reconstruction of literary value, and the restoration of the grand aspiration of politics are becoming the new development trend of contemporary literary theory after the upsurge of cultural theory and politics.
【作者单位】：曲靖师范学院人文学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“文学政治学的创构——百年来文学与政治关系论争的研究”(07BZW012)
【分类号】：I0-05

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