《红楼梦》修辞格的等效翻译

发布时间：2018-11-06 19:39

【摘要】：《红楼梦》是中国古典小说的集大成者,其语言达到了汉语语言艺术的最高峰。而《红楼梦》中的各种修辞格则成为其语言艺术最直接最集中的体现。本文选取《红楼梦》中主要的几种修辞格并把其分成语音修辞、结构修辞和语义修辞三大类,运用奈达和金娺提出的等效翻译理论,对比分析霍克思和杨宪益夫妇译本中各种修辞格的翻译方法和翻译效果。根据等效翻译理论,为了使译文对读者产生的效果和原文对读者产生的效果大致相等,译者必需在是否改变原文的内容和形式以及在哪些层面进行改变做出合理的选择。霍克思正确处理了变与不变以及如何变的关系,采取了灵活多样的翻译方法:对于那些能取得相同效果的辞格给以保留,对于一些不重要的辞格适当省略,对翻译难度大的辞格则采用调整和转换的方法,另外为了弥补辞格省略对译文总体效果造成的损伤,他还创造了一些新的修辞格。当然音译、意译、加注等翻译方法也偶尔在他的译文中出现。相比较而言,杨宪益受自身翻译目的和翻译原则的影响,极力忠实于原文的内容和形式,当忠实无法达到时,多采用音译、意译、加注等消极被动的翻译方法,很少进行辞格调整、转换以及创造,总体翻译效果不及霍克思。因此本文认为,译者只有以等效为目标,运用灵活多样的翻译方法才能翻译好文学作品中的各种修辞格。
[Abstract]:A Dream of Red Mansions is a masterpiece of Chinese classical novels, the language of which has reached the peak of Chinese language art. The rhetorical figures in A Dream of Red Mansions become the most direct and concentrated embodiment of its language art. This paper selects some of the main rhetorical devices in A Dream of Red Mansions and divides them into three categories: phonetic rhetoric, structural rhetoric and semantic rhetoric, and applies the equivalent translation theory proposed by Nida and Jin Yi. A contrastive analysis of the translation methods and effects of various rhetorical devices in the translations of Hawkes and Yang Xianyi. According to the equivalent translation theory, in order to achieve the same effect on the reader as the original text, the translator must make a reasonable choice as to whether or not to change the content and form of the original text and at what level. Hawkes correctly deals with the relationship between change and invariance and how to change, and adopts flexible and varied translation methods: to preserve those words that can achieve the same effect, and to omit some unimportant ones. In order to make up for the damage caused by ellipsis, he created some new figures of speech. Of course, transliteration, free translation, annotation and other translation methods also occasionally appear in his translation. By comparison, Yang Xianyi, influenced by his own translation purpose and translation principles, tries to be faithful to the content and form of the original text. When fidelity cannot be achieved, he often uses passive translation methods such as transliteration, free translation and annotation. The overall translation effect is not as good as that of Hawkes. Therefore, the author holds that only with the aim of equivalence, can translators translate all kinds of rhetorical devices in literary works with flexible and diverse translation methods.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：I046

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