形式视域中的原型批评
发布时间：2018-12-13 06:37
【摘要】： 原型批评是流行于20世纪50-60年代的西方一个十分重要的批评流派。从形式视域中考察原型批评，既能看到它与西方形式美学传统之间密切的联系，又能了解它在哪几方面促进和发展了20世纪西方形式理性的思维方式。本文将分为五个部分分别加以讨论： 一、引论。对原型批评的研究一直以来都是批评实践者多，而理论阐释者少。而从形式的角度来理解原型批评的更是少之又少。而从形式视域来考察原型批评具有非常重要的价值和意义。 二、形式与原型。荣格的原型理论与柏拉图哲学中的形式之间存在着相互呼应的关系。在柏拉图哲学中的形式与荣格心理学中的原型之间，原型是以一种纯粹的形式，，一种无内容的形式的面目出现的。荣格学派代表人物继承了荣格在艺术批评方面运用的方法，对西方文学中的一些经典之作进行阐释，取得了不错的成绩。 三、艺术形式与文学原型。弗莱的文学原型是指“典型的反复出现的意象”，既是一种艺术形式，又是一种叙述结构。文学原型是使文学自身成为一个系统的科学井然的秩序的一个核心。同时又是各民族、各地域文学进行交流的媒介。文学原型既可以是一种微观的属于意象层面的艺术形式，又可以是宏观的属于文学叙述模式的艺术结构。弗莱理解的艺术形式是建立在文学具体的形式基础之上同时又超越了这种基础，从而发展成为一种理性力量。 四、形式理性与原型批评。形式理性是以艺术形式作为逻辑起点来重新认识和构建人类理想世界的一种理性力量。形式理性在两方面与原型批评具有契合之处。一是形式理性突出艺术的形式作用；二是形式理性具有建构和超越的性质。 五、余论：原型批评在中国的发展。原型批评引进中国之后，促进了中国学者对于文学人类学的探讨。这种以宏观视野为背景的批评方法对于中国文学的传统研究产生了冲击，但同时也存在着一定的缺陷。如何在宏观背景与文学的审美特性之间保持平衡成为我们应该注意的问题。
[Abstract]:Archetypal criticism is a very important criticism school in the West in the 50-60's. By examining archetypal criticism from the perspective of form, we can not only see the close relationship between it and the western formal aesthetic tradition, but also understand in which aspects it promotes and develops the thinking mode of western formal rationality in the 20th century. This article will be divided into five parts to discuss: first, introduction. The research on archetypal criticism has always been a lot of criticism practitioners, but few theoretical interpretations. It is rare to understand archetypal criticism from the angle of form. It is of great value and significance to examine archetypal criticism from the perspective of form. Form and prototype. The archetypal theory of Jung and the form in Plato's philosophy are related to each other. Between the forms in Plato's philosophy and the archetypes in Jung psychology, archetypes appear as a pure form, a contentless form. The representative figures of Jung School inherited the methods used by Jung in artistic criticism and explained some classics in western literature and achieved good results. Third, artistic form and literary prototype. Frey's literary archetype refers to "typical repeated images", which is not only an artistic form but also a narrative structure. Literary archetype is the core of making literature itself a systematic scientific order. At the same time, it is also a medium for all nationalities and regional literature to communicate. Literary archetype can be not only a microscopic art form belonging to image level, but also a macroscopic art structure belonging to literary narrative mode. Frey's understanding of the artistic form is based on the concrete form of literature and transcends this basis, thus developing into a rational force. Fourth, formal rationality and archetypal criticism. Formal rationality is a kind of rational force which uses art form as logical starting point to reunderstand and construct human ideal world. Formal rationality agrees with archetypal criticism in two aspects. First, formal rationality highlights the formal role of art; second, formal rationality has the nature of construction and transcendence. Fifth, the conclusion: the development of archetypal criticism in China. After prototype criticism was introduced into China, it promoted the discussion of literary anthropology by Chinese scholars. This kind of criticism method with macroscopic view as the background impacts the traditional research of Chinese literature, but it also has some defects at the same time. How to maintain the balance between the macro background and the aesthetic characteristics of literature has become a problem that we should pay attention to.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：I06
本文编号：2376086
[Abstract]:Archetypal criticism is a very important criticism school in the West in the 50-60's. By examining archetypal criticism from the perspective of form, we can not only see the close relationship between it and the western formal aesthetic tradition, but also understand in which aspects it promotes and develops the thinking mode of western formal rationality in the 20th century. This article will be divided into five parts to discuss: first, introduction. The research on archetypal criticism has always been a lot of criticism practitioners, but few theoretical interpretations. It is rare to understand archetypal criticism from the angle of form. It is of great value and significance to examine archetypal criticism from the perspective of form. Form and prototype. The archetypal theory of Jung and the form in Plato's philosophy are related to each other. Between the forms in Plato's philosophy and the archetypes in Jung psychology, archetypes appear as a pure form, a contentless form. The representative figures of Jung School inherited the methods used by Jung in artistic criticism and explained some classics in western literature and achieved good results. Third, artistic form and literary prototype. Frey's literary archetype refers to "typical repeated images", which is not only an artistic form but also a narrative structure. Literary archetype is the core of making literature itself a systematic scientific order. At the same time, it is also a medium for all nationalities and regional literature to communicate. Literary archetype can be not only a microscopic art form belonging to image level, but also a macroscopic art structure belonging to literary narrative mode. Frey's understanding of the artistic form is based on the concrete form of literature and transcends this basis, thus developing into a rational force. Fourth, formal rationality and archetypal criticism. Formal rationality is a kind of rational force which uses art form as logical starting point to reunderstand and construct human ideal world. Formal rationality agrees with archetypal criticism in two aspects. First, formal rationality highlights the formal role of art; second, formal rationality has the nature of construction and transcendence. Fifth, the conclusion: the development of archetypal criticism in China. After prototype criticism was introduced into China, it promoted the discussion of literary anthropology by Chinese scholars. This kind of criticism method with macroscopic view as the background impacts the traditional research of Chinese literature, but it also has some defects at the same time. How to maintain the balance between the macro background and the aesthetic characteristics of literature has become a problem that we should pay attention to.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：I06
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 程爱民;原型批评的整体性文化批评倾向[J];外国文学;2000年05期
本文编号：2376086
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