规范性和抽象性对隐喻理解的影响

发布时间：2018-01-12 16:30

本文关键词：规范性和抽象性对隐喻理解的影响　出处：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统意义上通常把隐喻看作一种修辞方式,到了20世纪80年代,隐喻研究的重点逐渐从修辞研究转向了认知研究。本文首先对隐喻的相关概念进行了界定,认为隐喻是两类事物之间的映射,通过一类具体的、已知事物认识和理解另一种抽象的、未知事物;隐喻理解的认知策略是隐喻研究的一个重要方面,其代表性理论主要有四种:比较理论、类概念形成理论、结构映射理论、隐喻生涯理论。这些理论解释了隐喻认知机制的发展,其中隐喻生涯理论有效的整合了比较理论和类概念形成理论存在的分歧。在这些理论的基础上,一些学者对影响隐喻理解过程的因素进行了探讨,研究发现影响隐喻理解的因素比较多,如规范性、抽象性、语境、语法形式等,不同学者对于隐喻理解的影响因素存在不同观点,本文利用眼动技术,针对以往研究中存在的分歧,选取规范性、抽象性、语法形式这三个主要因素对隐喻理解过程进行深入探讨。基于隐喻的研究现状,本论文有两个研究目的。(1)检验隐喻生涯理论是否在中文背景下也适用,探究隐喻句子的规范性和目标项的抽象性对比喻句子语法偏好性的影响。(2)探究规范性水平、抽象性水平以及语法形式对隐喻理解的影响。为了验证以上目的,本研究设计了两个实验,探究规范性和抽象性对隐喻理解的影响。实验一考察了隐喻生涯理论在汉语隐喻理解过程中是否适用,分析了规范性和抽象性对比喻句子语法偏好性的影响,结果证实了在中文背景下,规范性水平影响比喻句子的偏好选择。实验二在实验一的基础上,选择规范性、抽象性以及语法形式这三个重要因素对隐喻过程做重点探究,利用眼动仪分析不同类型的隐喻句在理解过程中存在的具体差异。实验结果发现,规范性、抽象性以及语法形式都是影响隐喻理解过程的因素,这些因素对隐喻理解过程都有不同程度的影响,该探究对于深入了解隐喻的理解过程有一定的推动作用。本研究得出如下结论:1、在中文背景下,隐喻生涯理论依然适用。2、在语法偏好上,规范性水平低的比喻句子更偏好明喻(即比较形式),规范性水平高的比喻句子更偏好隐喻(即归类形式)。3、影响隐喻理解的主要因素是规范性水平,抽象性水平和语法形式。4、规范性因素对比喻句子的影响不仅反映在早期加工阶段,也反映在晚期加工阶段。5、抽象性因素对比喻句子的影响不仅反映在早期加工阶段,也反映在晚期加工阶段。6、语法性因素对比喻句子的影响并没有反映在早期加工阶段,而是反映在晚期加工阶段。7、标准隐喻句中的目标项和基础项对隐喻理解过程的差异不仅表现在早期加工过程,也表现在晚期加工阶段。
[Abstract]:The traditional sense usually regard metaphor as a rhetoric way, by 1980s, the focus of metaphor research gradually from rhetoric research to cognitive research. Firstly, define the concept of metaphor, metaphor is the mapping between the two types of things, by a specific class, the known knowledge and understanding of another abstract, unknown; cognitive strategies of metaphor comprehension is an important aspect of the study of metaphor, the representative theory mainly has four kinds: comparison theory, concept formation theory, structure mapping theory, metaphor theory. These theories explain the career development of the cognitive mechanism of metaphor, the metaphor of the effective integration of the career theory comparison of theory and concept formation theory differences. On the basis of these theories, some scholars discussed the influence factors of metaphor comprehension, study of the influence of metaphor Understanding the factors, such as normative, abstraction, context, grammatical forms, different scholars have different views on the factors affecting the comprehension of metaphor, this paper using eye movement technology, according to existing differences, selection of normative, abstract, the three main factors of grammatical form process of metaphor to understand the research status. Based on metaphor, this thesis has two research purposes. (1) test whether in Chinese metaphor career theory under the background of metaphor sentences also applies normative and target abstraction of metaphor sentence grammar preference. (2) to explore the normative level, influence of abstraction the level and form of grammatical metaphor understanding. In order to verify the above purpose, this study designed two experiments to explore the impact of specification and abstraction of metaphor understanding. Experiment 1 investigated the metaphor theory in the Chinese implicit career Whether in the process of understanding metaphor application, analyzes the influence of specification and abstraction of metaphorical sentence grammar preference, the results were confirmed in Chinese background, influence of normative level metaphor sentence preference in experiment two. On the basis of experiment, choose the standard, the three important factors of abstraction and grammatical form key research on Metaphor analysis process, different types of metaphor sentences in understanding existing in the process of using eye tracker. The experimental results show that the normative, abstract and grammatical forms are metaphor understanding process factors, these factors have different effects on metaphor comprehension process, the research has certain to promote in-depth understanding of metaphor understanding process. The conclusions are as follows: 1, in the Chinese context, metaphor career theory still applies.2 in grammatical preferences, the normative level is low The metaphor of sentence preference (i.e. comparison), simile metaphor sentences normative high level of preference for metaphor (i.e. classified form).3, the main factors affecting the comprehension of metaphor is the normative level, the level of abstraction of grammatical forms and.4, normative factors on the influence of metaphor sentences is reflected not only in the early stages of processing. Is also reflected in the late stage processing of.5, influence of the abstract factors on metaphor sentences is reflected not only in the early stages of processing, is also reflected in the late stage processing.6, influence factors on the sentence grammar metaphor is not reflected in the early stage, but in late stage processing of.7, and the target based on metaphor understanding process the difference between the standard of metaphor is not only reflected in the early process, but also in the late stage of processing.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H0-05

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