英汉陈述句韵律结构的对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 16:15

本文关键词： 英语陈述句汉语陈述句韵律结构 3T理论二语英语陈述句韵律结构习得　出处：《江苏科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：韵律学已经成为语言最重要的特征之一并且在口语中极为重要。英汉陈述句韵律结构的研究是非常有价值的，并且这个研究能够更好的为教学服务。本文是对英汉陈述句韵律结构的对比研究和对中国二语学习者英语陈述句韵律结构习得的研究。本研究运用3T理论（调群切分，调核位置和声调（）Halliday,1967; Wells,2006）来分析英语标准发音人，汉语标准发音人和中国二语学习者的陈述句韵律结构。具体来说，本研究旨在回答以下研究问题： 1.英语陈述句的韵律结构是什么？ 2.汉语陈述句的韵律结构是什么？ 3.英汉陈述句韵律结构有哪些相似和不同之处？ 4.中国二语学习者在多大程度上可以习得英语陈述句的韵律结构？本实验的语料包括16个英语和汉语陈述句。他们被分为五个类型：简单句，副词句，复合句，列举句和从句。本实验的研究对象包括四个英语标准发音人，四个汉语标准发音人和二十个中国二语学习者。四个英语标准发音人为来自英国剑桥大学的语言和语音学家；四个汉语标准发音人均为国家级普通话测试员，分别来自镇江广播电台的新闻主持人和江苏大学的汉语语言学研究员；20个中国二语学习者为来自江苏科技大学英语专业三年级的学生。本文研究发现结果如下： 1.英语中，（i）就调群切分而言，所有英语标准发音人都会将简单句分为一个调群，部分英语标准发音人会将列举句也划分为一个调群，而其他的句子类型会有两个或以上的调群。(ii)就调核位置而言，除了副词句和列举句之外，英语标准发音人趋向于将调群内最后一个词作为调核所在。（iii）就声调而言，英语标准发音人主要趋向于在调核上采用H*+L调，并且边界调为平调（0%）。 2.汉语中，（i）就调群切分而言，汉语标准发音人有时候也会将陈述句切分为两个或以上调群。(ii)就调核位置而言，除了副词句和列举句之外,汉语标准发音人趋向于将数词和修饰语作为调核所在。（iii）就声调而言，英语标准发音人趋向于在调核上采用H*+L调，并且边界调为平调（0%），除了在列举句中有所不同。 3.（i）英汉陈述句韵律结构的相似处在于：（a）就调群切分而言，英语标准发音人和汉语标准发音人都会将简单句处理成一个调群，而会将除了列举句之外的其他句子类型划分为两个或以上调群。(b)就调核位置而言，英语标准发音人和汉语标准发音人都会在副词句和列举句中将副词和列举词作为调核所在。（c）就声调而言，在简单句和副词句中，英语标准发音人和汉语标准发音人都趋向于在调核上采用H*+L调，并且在简单句和副词在句尾的副词句采用平调（0%）。（ii）英汉陈述句韵律结构的不同之处在于：（a）就调群切分而言，在列举句中，，汉语标准发音人会将所有的列举句都划分为两个或以上调,英语标准发音人则不是。(b)就调核位置而言，除了副词句和列举句之外,英语标准发音人趋向于将调群内的最后一个词作为调核所在,而汉语标准发音人通常将数词和修饰语作为调核所在。（c）就声调而言,不同之处在于副词句和列举句中，根据副词和列举词位置以及列举词数量的不同，两种语言的声调有所不同。 4.（i）就调群切分而言，100%的二语学习者能够正确习得英汉陈述句的调群切分（ii）就调核位置而言，100%的二语学习者能够正确习得调核位置。（iii）就声调而言，96%的二语学习者能够正确掌握英语简单句的声调；96.7%能够正确掌握副词句的声调；71.7%能够正确掌握复合句的声调，只有60%和43.3%的二语学习者能够正确掌握从句和列举句的声调。以上发现结果对英语和汉语作为第二外语的教与学提供了深刻的意义。
[Abstract]:Prosody has become one of the most important features of language and in spoken English is very important. The study of English and Chinese sentence prosodic structure is very valuable, and this study can provide much better service for teaching. This paper is a contrastive study of English and Chinese sentences prosodic structure and learning of statements in English acquisition of prosodic structure the country's two language. In this study, using the theory of 3T (tonality, tonicity and tone (Halliday), 1967; Wells, 2006) to analyze the English standard pronunciation, Chinese standard pronunciation and China two language learners declarative prosodic structure. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following research questions:
1. what is the rhythmic structure of an English declarative sentence?
2. what is the rhythmic structure of a Chinese declarative sentence?
3. what are the similarities and differences between the prosodic structures of English and Chinese declarative sentences?
4. to what extent can Chinese two language learners acquire the rhythmic structure of English declarative sentences?
The corpus of this experiment consists of 16 English and Chinese declarative sentences. They are divided into five types: simple sentences, auxiliary sentences, compound sentences, enumerated sentences and clauses.
The research object of this experiment includes four standard English pronunciation, four Chinese pronunciation and twenty China two language learners. Four English standard pronunciation of human language and speech from the University of Cambridge experts; four Chinese per capita national standard pronunciation of Mandarin testers, Chinese Linguistics researcher from Zhenjiang radio station the news anchor and the Jiangsu University; 20 Chinese two language learners from Jiangsu University of Science and Technology English Majors of the third grade students.
The findings of this paper are as follows:
1. in English (I) on tonality, all the English standard pronunciation of people will be divided into simple sentences in a tone group, part of the English standard pronunciation will list word into a tone group, while other sentence types will have two or more tone group. (II on the position of the nucleus), in addition to the adverb sentence and enumerating sentences, English standard pronunciation people tend to be the last word in the tone group as the nucleus. (III) tone, English standard pronunciation mainly tend to adopt H*+L in the nucleus, and boundary tone for tone (0%).
2. Chinese, (I) on tonality, Chinese standard pronunciation occasionally will sentence segmentation into two or more adjustable group. (II) on the position of the nucleus, in addition to the adverb sentence and enumerating sentences, Chinese people tend to be the standard pronunciation of numerals and modifiers as the nucleus. (III) tone, English standard pronunciation people tend to use H*+L in the nucleus, and boundary tone for tone (0%), except in enumerating sentences are different.
3. (I) is similar to English declarative prosodic structure: (a) on tonality, English standard pronunciation and Chinese standard pronunciation of people will be a simple sentence into a tone group, which will be in addition to other types of sentences enumerating sentences except for two or above. (b) on the position of the nucleus, the English standard pronunciation and Chinese standard pronunciation of people will be in the sentence and the sentence adverb adverbs and word lists will be listed as the nucleus. (c) tone, in simple sentences and sentence adverbs in English, standard pronunciation and Chinese people tend to use the standard pronunciation H*+L in the nucleus, and in simple sentences and adverbs in the sentence by sentence adverb tone (0%). (II) the difference between English and Chinese sentence prosodic structure is: (a) on tonality, in the list of words in standard Chinese pronunciation will all list sentence division two or to Increase the English standard pronunciation are not. (b) on the position of the nucleus, in addition to the adverb sentence and enumerating sentences, English standard pronunciation people tend to be the last word in the tone group as the nucleus, and the Chinese people will usually be the standard pronunciation and numeral modifiers as the nucleus (. C) tone, the difference is that pair of words and enumerating sentences, words and adverbs and lists according to the position of the different number of word lists, two languages have different tone.
4. (I) on tonality, 100% of the two language learners can correct English sentence acquisition tonality (II) on the position of the nucleus, 100% of the two language learners can acquire correctly. The position of the nucleus (III) of tone, 96% of the two language learners can master the correct simple English sentence tone; 96.7% to correctly grasp the adverb tone; 71.7% can correctly grasp the complex sentence tone, only 60% and 43.3% of the two language learners can master the correct clause and sentence lists tone. Above results of English and Chinese as a second language teaching and learning provides a profound significance.

【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H058

【参考文献】