RPFG理论框架下汉语仿拟的解读机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 22:16

本文关键词： 仿拟本体仿体认知参照点图形-背景理论 RPFG理论框架　出处：《河南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究以汉语仿拟这一语言现象为考察对象，研究其意义和形式建构及解读机制。汉语仿拟与英语的“parody”是有区别的，但为了方便起见，本文采用了“parody”这一词。仿拟是一种很特别的语言现象,其使用广泛又独具特色。仿拟是仿照某一现成的言语现象而拟创出一种新的言语现象的一种修辞手段，像“贫二代、拆二代’；‘闲妻良母’；‘横眉冷对亲父母，俯首甘为女子牛’；‘馒头诚可贵，包子价更高；若有烧排骨，两者皆可抛’”等等，它可以是字、词、段、篇等各种形式。事实上，仿拟是由本体和仿体两部分组成，本体是指已存在的被模仿的言语现象而仿体是指通过仿照本体创造出的新的言语现象，例如“贫二代、拆二代”是仿体而流行语“富二代”是其本体。但本体的选择不是随意的，必须是既定的广为人知的一种言语现象，像流行语、流行歌曲、成语、俗语、著名的诗歌、熟悉的对联、说明书、报告书等，否则仿拟不被识别而达不到交际效果。仿拟中的仿体是在本体的基础上创新生成的一种言语，其表达是打破常规思维习惯的，但依旧能被人们所接受。既然仿体是一种打破常规的语言表述，为什么它还能被大家识别并广为接受呢，其中隐藏在这语言现象背后的认知机制是什么，这激起了作者对这一语言现象的进一步研究。在认知语言学理论背景下，本文在图形-背景理论及兰盖克的参照点关系理论的基础上尝试提出了一个RPFG理论框架。在此理论框架下，仿拟可分为本体图形和本体背景，仿体图形和仿体背景，仿拟图形和仿拟背景；其中本体是认知仿体的参照点，而参照点的选择和变化是通过激活人们头脑中图形-背景分离的认知模型得以实现的。在仿拟的解读过程中，首先人们熟知的本体在人们的知识体系中成为感知的图形凸显出来而被选作参照点，它可激活其辖域中的任何概念，被激活的目标成为焦点被凸显，而后又被选作为参照点激活下一目标，依次下去，直至仿体的出现，被激活的仿体便成为凸显的图形。同时仿体中不同于本体的那部分被凸显出来，成为人们感知上的图形，而其余部分成为背景。但仿体的意义只有在参照本体的意义的基础上才能被识解。本文还通过具体实例对三种不同类型的仿拟进行了详细的分析。最后本文总结如下：一，通过分析,本文发现仿拟由本体和仿体两部分组成，本体指已存在的被模仿的言语现象;仿体指通过仿照本体创造出的新的言语现象。二，，通过对仿拟解读机制的分析，本文将仿拟的解读过程看成是形式到意义的认知过程，其过程可分为三步：本体的识解，仿体形式的建构；仿体意义的建构。本体是认知仿体的参照点，参照点自身在人们的认知结构中具有凸显性，使人们能选择仿体相对应的本体作为参照点，通过激活一个个的目标最终达到认知的仿体，最终仿体的意义要在本体意义的基础才能得以理解。三，本文在参照点关系理论及图形背景理论的基础上提出了一个RPFG理论框架，并将其用于分析汉语仿拟现象的研究中，证实了这一理论框架的解释力。
[Abstract]:In this study, Chinese parody of this linguistic phenomenon as the research object, study its form and meaning construction and interpretation of the mechanism.
Chinese and English Parody "Parody" there is a difference, but for the sake of convenience, we use the word "Parody". The parody is a special language phenomenon, which is widely used and unique. Parody is modeled a ready-made language phenomenon to a rhetorical means creating a new the phenomenon of speech, like "poor two generations, two generations removed"; "free" Hengmeilengdui; wife mother 'parents, head bowed as a woman of cattle ";" Steamed Buns precious, steamed stuffed bun price is higher; if the spare ribs, both can throw "and so on, it can be words, words. Some articles, such as various forms. In fact, the body and the phantom parody is composed of two parts, the body is to imitate the language phenomenon existing and imitation is a new language phenomenon by imitating the ontology created, such as" poor two generations, and two generation "phantom and the popular language" two rich generation "is the But the choice of ontology. The ontology is not arbitrary, must be a kind of language phenomenon known as established, popular language, popular songs, proverbs, idioms, famous poems, familiar with the report and other instructions, antithetical couplet, otherwise, parody is not recognized and not up to the effect of communication.
The phantom is a parody of speech production innovation based on ontology, its expression is break the normal procedure habits, but still can be accepted by people. Since the phantom is a language why break the normal procedure, it could still be identified and widely accepted, the hidden cognitive mechanism behind this phenomenon is what, it aroused the further research of this language phenomenon.
In the background of the theory of cognitive linguistics, this paper in terms of figure ground theory and blue reference point relationship on the basis of the theory attempts to propose a RPFG framework. In this framework, parody can be divided into ontology and ontology graphic background, phantom graphics and phantom background, parody parody graphics and background; the body is the reference point of cognitive imitation, and refer to the choice and change point through the activation of cognitive model - isolate the background image in the minds of people can be realized. In the process of interpretation of parody, first known as the ontology in the knowledge system of people's perception of the graphics become highlighted and was chosen as the reference point. It can activate any concept of the scope of the activated target focus is highlighted, and then was chosen as a reference point for the activation of the next target, in turn, until the appearance of phantom, phantom becomes activated At the same time. Prominent graphic phantom is different from that part of the body is highlighted, become people's sense of graphics, and the rest as the background. But the phantom meaning only based on reference ontology sense can be construal through concrete examples. The paper also carried out a detailed analysis on the three different the type of parody. At the end of this paper are summarized as follows:
Through the analysis, this paper found a parody by ontology and phantom is composed of two parts, the body is to imitate the language phenomenon existing; phantom by means of new language phenomenon created. Modeled on the body
Two, through the analysis of the mechanism of the interpretation of parody, interpretation of parody as a cognitive process to form meaning, the process can be divided into three steps: ontology construal, construction imitation forms; construction of phantom meaning. Ontology is a cognitive reference point phantom, its prominence in the the cognitive structure of people's point of reference, so that people can choose the imitation corresponding to the ontology as a reference point, through the activation of the goal of reaching the final phantom cognition, phantom significance to in ontological significance to understand.
Three, this paper proposes a theoretical framework of RPFG based on reference point theory and figure ground theory, which is used for the analysis of Chinese parody, confirmed the theoretical framework of explanatory power.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15

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