汉语中缀的形态句法视角研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 11:30

本文关键词： 中缀汉语中缀结构形态句法词分布形态理论屈折词缀　出处：《四川外国语大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汉语中有一些类似“看得见、看不见、来得及、来不及、划得来、划不来、搞得好、搞不好”的“V得C、V不C”式表达，“慌里慌张、土里土气、糊里糊涂”的“A里AB”式表达，以及“结了婚、结过婚、吃了饭、吃过饭”的“V了V/N、V过V/N”式表达。不少语言学家及学者们对这些表达产生兴趣，其中已有很多学者从音系、句法、语义、语用等角度对这些现象分别进行分析探讨，少数学者将它们认定为中缀来探讨。至今为止，从形态句法角度来分析汉语中缀结构的仍然少见。分布形态理论是一种新的形态句法接口理论。它认为句法衍生是语法的唯一构成方式，语言单位的运算（不论词或者词组）是词素在统一的句法规则运作下的结果。汉语中缀结构归类为词或者词组的语法定位一直是困扰学者们的问题，而形态分布理论将词和词组都归到统一解释框架之下的主张，为该理论用于分析汉语中缀现象提供了可能。本文将在回顾前人对“汉语中缀”问题的分析基础上，借助形态分布理论，从形态句法角度探讨汉语中缀的范畴、特征及其生成机制。主要内容如下：第一章“引言”，介绍本文选题理据、研究目的、研究意义、研究方法和结构布局。第二章“文献综述”，回顾国内外学者以往有关中缀定义、英语中缀和汉语中缀的研究；其中英语中缀结构作为分析的参考体系，针对过去研究中的不足和缺陷，尝试从形态句法角度分析中缀结构。第三章“理论框架”，从起源、语法结构、句法运算单位以及形态句法词的生成机制四个方面阐述形态分布理论。第四章“基于形态分布理论解释汉语中缀生成机制”，，检验以往文献中三个典型汉语中缀结构案例“V得C、V不C”、“A里AB”和“V了V/N、V过V/N”的中缀身份。此外，通过形态分布理论解释汉语中缀结构主要是抽象词素（即附加项）在下降过程中形成的语言现象，并得出“得、不”“了、过”均为屈折词缀的结论。第五章“结语”，总结本文的发现、不足以及对以后继续研究的几点建议。
[Abstract]:In Chinese, there are some "can see, can not see, time, too late, can not row, do well, do well," the expression "V is Che V not C" expression, "panic in panic, local atmosphere." "A" "AB" expression, and "married, married, eat, eat, eat" "V" V / N. Many linguists and scholars are interested in these expressions, and many scholars have analyzed these phenomena from phonological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic perspectives. A few scholars regard them as suffixes to discuss, so far, it is still rare to analyze the Chinese infix structure from the aspect of morphology and syntax. The theory of distributive morphology is a new morphological syntactic interface theory, which holds that syntactic derivation is the only form of grammar. The operation of linguistic units (whether words or phrases) is the result of morphemes operating under the unified syntactic rules. The grammatical orientation of Chinese infix structures classified as words or phrases has always been a problem for scholars. The theory of morphological distribution puts words and phrases under the framework of unified interpretation, which makes it possible for this theory to be used to analyze the phenomenon of Chinese affixes. On the basis of reviewing the previous analysis of the problem of "Chinese suffixes" and using the theory of morphological distribution, this paper discusses the category, characteristics and generating mechanism of Chinese affixes from the perspective of morphology and syntax. The main contents are as follows: The first chapter, introduction, introduces the motivation, purpose, significance, research method and structure layout of this paper. Chapter two, "Literature Review", reviews the previous researches on the definition of suffix, English suffix and Chinese suffix; The English infix structure is used as the reference system of the analysis. In view of the shortcomings and defects of the previous researches, this paper attempts to analyze the affix structure from the perspective of morphology and syntax. Chapter three, "theoretical Framework", expounds the theory of morphological distribution from four aspects: origin, grammatical structure, syntactic operational units and the formation mechanism of morphological syntactic words. Chapter 4th, "explaining the formation mechanism of Chinese affixes based on morphological distribution theory", examines three typical cases of Chinese suffix structure in the past: "V", "A AB" and "V / N". In addition, by means of morphological distribution theory, it is explained that the Chinese affix structure is a linguistic phenomenon formed by abstract morphemes (that is, additional items) in the process of falling, and it is concluded that "get, don't". "too" is the conclusion of inflectional affixes. Chapter 5th, conclusion, summarizes the findings, shortcomings and suggestions for further study.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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