《传习录》的四字格研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 13:37

本文关键词： 王阳明《传习录》词词频四字格　出处：《广西师范学院》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《传习录》是明代思想家王阳明先生留下的作品，是由他的学生整理出来的讲学语录。全文以文言为主，夹杂部分白话，包含大量四字格语言形式，极具特色，是一部研究明代汉语词汇不可多得的语言材料。明代又是近代汉语向现代汉语转折的一个重要时期，对明代汉语词汇的研究可以从一定程度上反映出这一过渡时期的语言特点。前人对《传习录》的研究已经很多，但大多关注作者王阳明的哲学思想、教育理念等方面，有关语言学方面的研究几乎还未涉及。本文则从词汇研究的角度出发，以《传习录》中的四字格为考察对象，采用计算机处理与人工整理相结合、静态统计与动态比较相结合、客观描写与分析归纳相结合的研究方法。通过建立分词标准，进行分词实践和词频统计得到《传习录》的词频统计表，为研究《传习录》的四字格提供可靠的材料；再依据《传习录》的词频表对统计结果进行客观描写，以求得出《传习录》词语的基本特征，重点分析四字格语言形式，并进一步探究汉语词汇发展的基本规律，为汉语词汇史的研究做一点基础性的资料积累工作。在重点分析四字格语言形式的过程中，分别从语法、语义、语用这三个角度出发。其中，又以分析四字格的语法结构为主要内容，借用合成词的分类方法，将四字格分为联合式、偏正式、陈述式、支配式、紧缩式、兼语式、连谓式以及重叠式八大类，并分别统计出每种四字格的词次及词频比例；语义方面，主要从意义关系和语义角色两方面对四字格进行划分；语用方面，则是从词内部及整个句子的韵律角度入手，分析四字格的使用特点。在这些统计和分析的基础上，对结果进行总结，得出《传习录》词语在词频分布和音节分布上的基本特征，，四字格前后两段相合成的特性，以及整个汉语词汇复音化的发展规律。
[Abstract]:"Biography" is a work left by Mr. Wang Yangming, a thinker in the Ming Dynasty. It is a lecture quotation arranged by his students. The whole text is mainly classical Chinese, with some vernacular characters, and contains a large number of four-character language forms. The Ming Dynasty is an important period for the transition from modern Chinese to modern Chinese. To some extent, the study of Chinese vocabulary in Ming Dynasty can reflect the language characteristics of this transitional period. There have been a lot of researches on Biography, but most of them focus on the author Wang Yangming's philosophy, educational ideas and so on, but almost nothing has been done in the field of linguistics. Taking the four-character lattice in Biography as the object of investigation, the research methods of combining computer processing with manual sorting, static statistics and dynamic comparison, objective description and analysis and induction are adopted. Through word segmentation practice and word frequency statistics, the statistical table of word frequency is obtained, which provides reliable materials for the study of the four-character lattice of "Biography", and then objectively describes the statistical results according to the word frequency table of "Biography". In order to find out the basic characteristics of "Biography" words, analyze the four-character case language form, and further explore the basic law of the development of Chinese vocabulary, do some basic data accumulation for the study of the history of Chinese vocabulary. In the process of focusing on the analysis of the four-character language form, it starts from the three angles of grammar, semantics and pragmatics, among which, the main content is the analysis of the grammatical structure of the four-character case, and the classification method of the compound word is borrowed. The four-character lattice is divided into eight categories: joint, partial formality, statement, dominance, contraction, conjunctive, conjunctive, predicate and reduplication, and the word order and word frequency ratio of each kind of four-character lattice are calculated respectively. In the pragmatic aspect, the author analyzes the characteristics of the use of the four-character case from the perspective of the prosody of the whole sentence and the inner part of the word, mainly from the aspects of the meaning relation and the semantic role, while the pragmatic aspect is from the perspective of the prosody of the whole sentence. On the basis of these statistics and analyses, the results are summarized, and the basic characteristics of the word frequency distribution and syllable distribution, the characteristics of the two-phase synthesis before and after the four-character lattice, are obtained. And the development law of the whole Chinese vocabulary polyphonation.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H087

【参考文献】