负面评价话语标记的构式分析

发布时间：2018-02-12 20:49

本文关键词： 负面评价话语标记构式认知语用功能　出处：《扬州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：功能语言学的发展使得在话语建构中起重要作用的话语标记逐渐得到人们的重视,近几年来话语标记一直是众多专家学者关注的焦点,我们不时能从各种杂志上见到有关话语标记的研究,学者们多从单个话语标记的角度出发来阐述话语标记的形式特点和意义特点,许多学者更是就某一话语标记的形成特点进行了历时地考察。学者们的研究给本文提供了极为有益的借鉴。在前人的基础上,我们从多个方面对话语标记进行了探索。与前辈学者不同的是,我们尝试用构式的理论来对话语标记的形成和形式特点进行解释,这主要是受到郑娟曼(2009)博士论文的启发,她在论文中提到有些构式具有话语标记的特性,所以我便反过来思考,是不是话语标记都可以作为一个构式来看待,在不断查阅资料的过程中,这种想法也得到了证实,具体来看,整篇论文的结构如下：在绪论中,我们首先梳理了话语标记的研究历史,概括地叙述了国内外话语标记的发展过程和研究的主要内容,然后又对本文所要研究的负面评价话语标记的研究状况进行了简要阐述。在第一章中,我们在前人就话语标记给出的定义基础上又给出了自己的定义,提出负面评价话语标记应当具备“在口语会话中使用”、“概念意义的虚化”、“强独立性”、“情感的负面性”“具有元话语的功能”等五个特点。在此基础上,我们从形式和功能角度入手,给话语标记进行了分类,归纳出话语标记的几种类型。由于本文研究的是话语标记中的一个小类,所以我们紧接着又从形式角度给负面评价话语标记作出相应的分类,归纳出了负面评价话语标记的几种结构类型。然后,我们分析了话语标记的意义特点,提出了不同话语标记之间存在的负面等级上的差异。最后,我们重点探讨了话语标记的语境分布特点。我们发现话语标记的分布范围非常广泛,其前后的成分也各具特色。在第二章中,我们简要论述了话语标记是一个构式的观点,并用构式的相关理论来研究话语标记。在第一节中我们主要从构式对话语标记的解释力、构式的有标记性和部分能产性来论证作为构式的话语标记所具有的特点,试图分析负面评价话语标记的意义来源于构式和其构成成分以及语境的相互作用。在第二节中,我们从“概念叠加和概念整合”、“组块心理”、“口语表达需求”、“使用频率”、“言语行为理论”以及“意象图式在语言中的投射”等多个角度来探讨这种话语标记的形成机制,在这里我们并没有从历时角度去一层一层地分析话语标记的形成过程,而是试图以不同角度、从共时层面来分析作为构式的话语标记形成的可行性。最后我们分析了整个构式和不同成分之间的相互作用。在第三章中,我们主要探讨了话语标记的认知语用功能。我们认为话语标记主要具备语篇功能和人际功能,语篇功能主要体现在话语的连贯上,而人际功能主要体现为在说话人的基础上将听话人的心理感受和信息的接受也纳入到说话人在发出信息时考虑的因素,并且这种人际功能也是一些会话原则的体现。
[Abstract]:The development of functional linguistics in discourse construction plays an important role in the discourse markers gradually get people's attention, discourse markers have been the focus of attention of numerous experts and scholars in recent years, our research on discourse markers from time to time to see from various magazines, many scholars start to elaborate the characteristics and characteristics of discourse markers from the perspective of individual discourse markers, many scholars also have some characteristics of the formation of discourse markers in the diachronic study. The scholars in this paper to provide a very useful reference. On the basis of previous studies, we from many aspects of discourse markers are explored. Different from previous scholars, we try to use the theory of structure formation and characteristics of discourse markers are explained, which is mainly inspired by Zheng Juanman (2009) PhD thesis, she mentioned in the paper have some. It has the characteristics of discourse markers, so I think in turn, whether or not discourse markers can be regarded as a construction. This idea has also been confirmed in the process of continuous information retrieval. Specifically, the whole thesis is structured as follows:
In the introduction, we first comb the history of discourse markers, generalize the development process and main contents of discourse markers at home and abroad, and then briefly describe the research status of negative evaluation discourse markers in this paper.
In the first chapter, we have defined in the previous discourse markers are given on the basis of the given their own definition, the negative evaluation of discourse markers should have "use" in spoken discourse, the "false" meaning, "independence", "negative emotion" and "with meta discourse function" the other five characteristics. On this basis, we start from the perspective of form and function, to discourse markers are classified, summarized several types of discourse markers. Because of this study is a small class of discourse markers in, so we then from the angle of the form to the negative evaluation of discourse markers to make corresponding classification that sums up the negative evaluation of several structural types of discourse markers. Then, we analyzed the characteristics of discourse markers, the differences between different levels of negative discourse markers on. Finally, we focus on the exploration We find the characteristics of the contextual distribution of the discourse markers. We find that the distribution of the discourse markers is very wide, and the components of the discourse markers have their own characteristics.
In the second chapter, we briefly discussed the discourse marker is a construction point of view, and use related theory to study the structure of discourse markers. In the first section we mainly explain from the constructions of discourse markers, constructions of marked and partial productivity to demonstrate the characteristics of discourse structure as the label has tried to analyze the significance of negative evaluation, sources of discourse markers in constructions and the interaction between components and context. In section second, we from the concept of "superposition and conceptual integration", "mental block", "oral expression needs", "use" multi frequency "perspective of speech act theory and image schema in the language of the project" to explore the mechanism of the formation of discourse markers, we did not go from the diachronic perspective a layer to analyze formation process of discourse markers in here, but to different At the point of view, the feasibility of the formation of discourse markers as a structure is analyzed from the synchronic level. Finally, we analyze the interaction between the whole structure and the different components.
In the third chapter, we mainly discuss the cognitive pragmatic functions of discourse markers. We believe that discourse markers mainly have the textual function and interpersonal function and the textual function is mainly embodied in discourse coherence, and interpersonal function is mainly embodied in the hearer's psychological feelings and accept the information on the basis of the speaker into factors the speaker in the send information to consider, and this reflects the interpersonal function is some conversational principles.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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