《中国政府工作报告（2013）》的批评隐喻分析

发布时间：2018-02-25 17:14

本文关键词： 隐喻批评隐喻分析意识形态中国政府工作报告　出处：《燕山大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文从批评隐喻分析视角对2013年的中国政府工作报告里的隐喻进行研究。对隐喻的研究从亚里士多德的修辞学发展到如今的认知语言学，并在新闻报道、广告、歌词等领域都有涉及。本文着眼于语言平实严谨，语气客观中立，少有感情色彩浓厚表达的政治语篇中的隐喻，相信在此类文体中隐喻的使用不仅仅是起到修饰作用，，而是借此传达给民众信息，彰显权力关系以及构建意识形态。本文的研究目标包括下述几个问题：1)中国政府工作报告作为政治语篇里面有哪些类型的隐喻；2)揭示出隐喻意义在意识形态方面构建的过程；3)隐喻在政治语篇里的作用；4)挖掘出政府工作报告里面特定隐喻选择背后的认知、语用、文化历史等因素。批评隐喻分析是Charteris-Black于2004年提出的一种隐喻分析方法，该方法不仅仅停留在鉴定并划分隐喻方面，而是旨在综合运用批评话语分析、语料库分析、语用学和认知语言学理论来分析隐喻，挖掘出隐喻对语篇中意识形态构建以及权力关系方面的作用。作为新兴的研究方法，批评隐喻分析深入研究语言、思维和社会文化的关系，在政治语篇、新闻报道、宗教体裁等都有广泛应用，正吸引着越来越多的中外学者。本文尝试运用批评隐喻分析的理论对中国政府工作报告进行研究。结合概念隐喻理论,语用学和批评话语分析，以Charteris-Black提出的批评隐喻分析为理论框架，该研究选取了2013年政府官方发布的工作报告英文版为语料。政府工作报告是中华人民共和国政府的一种公文形式，据统计该报告英文版总计字数10973，作者首先对隐喻进行鉴定并归类。然后，定性分析了每类隐喻的意识形态力；隐喻在政治语篇里的意识形态方面的作用；特定隐喻的选择背后的认知、语用、文化历史等因素。通过研究，发现如下：政府工作报告中主要存在七类隐喻，分别是旅行隐喻、建筑隐喻、战争隐喻、竞赛隐喻、家庭隐喻、植物隐喻、圆圈隐喻。对每类隐喻进行隐喻关键词的分类，并对相应的例子进行概念隐喻、语用和批评性分析，发现每类隐喻都在一定程度上反映了政府的施政纲领并引导、强化了大众的意识形态。隐喻具有信息筛选功能、激发情感功能和凝聚功能。特定隐喻的选择受认知、语用、文化历史等因素的影响。希望本文的发现对政治语篇中的隐喻及隐喻背后的意识形态有更深层次的理解。同时，希望本文能对批评隐喻分析的理论研究提供全新的视角和支持,对理解和把握政治语篇起到一定促进作用。这一理论也会对政府更好地推行自己的政治主张以及民众更好地理解政府的方针政策产生一定的积极作用。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of critical metaphor analysis, this paper studies metaphor in the 2013 Chinese government work report. The study of metaphor has developed from Aristotle's rhetoric to today's cognitive linguistics, and has been reported in news reports and advertisements. This paper focuses on the use of metaphors in political discourse, which is characterized by plain and precise language, objective and neutral tone, and less emotional expression. It is believed that the use of metaphor in this style is not merely a modification. But to convey the message to the public. The research objectives of this thesis include the following questions: 1) what types of metaphors exist in the Chinese government work report as political discourses 2) revealing the ideological aspects of metaphorical meaning. (3) the role of metaphor in political discourse. 4) excavating the cognition behind the specific metaphor choice in the government work report. Pragmatic, cultural and historical factors. Critical metaphor analysis is a metaphorical analysis method proposed by Charteris-Black in 2004. This method not only focuses on the identification and division of metaphor, but also aims at synthetically applying critical discourse analysis and corpus analysis. Pragmatics and cognitive linguistics theory are used to analyze metaphor and explore the role of metaphor in the construction of ideology and power relationship in discourse. As a new research method, critical metaphor analysis studies language deeply. The relationship between thinking and social culture has been widely used in political discourse, news reports, religious genres and so on, which is attracting more and more Chinese and foreign scholars. This paper attempts to use the theory of critical metaphorical analysis to study the work report of the Chinese government, combining conceptual metaphor theory, pragmatics and critical discourse analysis, and taking the critical metaphor analysis proposed by Charteris-Black as the theoretical framework. The study selected the English version of the official government work report released in 2013. The government work report is a form of official document issued by the government of the people's Republic of China. According to the statistics of the English version of the report, the total number of words is 10973. The author first identifies and classifies metaphor. Then, it qualitatively analyzes the ideological force of each type of metaphor, the role of metaphor in the ideological aspects of political discourse, and the role of metaphor in political discourse. Cognitive, pragmatic, cultural and historical factors behind the choice of specific metaphors. The main findings are as follows: there are seven kinds of metaphors in the government work report, namely, travel metaphor, architectural metaphor, war metaphor, competition metaphor, family metaphor, plant metaphor. Circular metaphor. Classifying each type of metaphor into metaphorical keywords, and applying conceptual metaphor, pragmatics and critical analysis to the corresponding examples, it is found that each kind of metaphor reflects the government's policy agenda to a certain extent and guides it. Metaphor has the functions of information screening, emotional stimulation and cohesion. The choice of specific metaphors is influenced by cognitive, pragmatic, cultural and historical factors. It is hoped that the findings of this paper will have a deeper understanding of the metaphor in political discourse and the ideology behind it. At the same time, it is hoped that this paper can provide a new perspective and support for the theoretical study of critical metaphor analysis. This theory will also play a positive role in promoting the government to carry out its own political opinions and the people better understand the government's principles and policies.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15

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