汉语显性非宾格结构研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 21:47

本文关键词： 非宾格动词格话题广义领属关系　出处：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：动词通常可以分为两类：及物动词和不及物动词。根据关系语法以及贝尔马特1978年提出的非宾格动词假说,不及物动词又可再分为非宾格动词和非作格动词。非宾格句子结构一直是不及物动词研究中的焦点问题。同样,汉语中非宾格结构的生成机制也是一个长期以来争论不休的话题。本文对汉语的显性非宾格结构做了全面的分析。汉语显性非宾格结构的生成遵循非宾格假说。在带有两个名词短语的非宾格结构中,动词前的非论元名词短语是句子的话题,在CP的指示语位置基础生,被称为悬垂话题。动词后的论元名词组在逻辑宾语位置基础生成,在赋格的驱动下通过移位至TP的指示语位置获取主格,随后通过右向移位嫁接到TP,生成一个外置结构。悬垂话题与动词后的论元名词组有着广义的领属关系。这一广义领属关系可分为三种：整体部分关系,领有隶属关系和亲属关系。三者间存在级差。根据其领属关系的强度,将其称为强领属关系,典型领属关系和弱领属关系。这一级差可通过论元名词组定语的显现或隐现得以反馈。领属关系与右向移位相互联系：在领属关系为强领属关系和弱领属关系的非宾格句子中,右向移位必然发生,领属关系是右向移位的动因；在领属关系为典型领属的非宾格句中,右向移位则并非必要。
[Abstract]:Verbs can be divided into two categories: transitive verbs and intransitive verbs. Intransitive verbs can be subdivided into non-objective verbs and non-ergative verbs. The structure of unobjective-case sentences has always been the focus in the study of intransitive verbs. The generation mechanism of Chinese non-object structure is also a controversial topic for a long time. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the explicit unobjective structure in Chinese. The formation of the explicit unobjective structure in Chinese follows the unobjective hypothesis. In the unobjective structure with two noun phrases, the unargument noun phrase before the verb is the topic of the sentence. The argument name phrase after the verb is generated in the logical object position, driven by the fugue to obtain the subject case by shifting to the TP deixis position. Then the TPs are grafted to the right to form an external structure. There is a broad relationship between the pendant topic and the argument name phrase after the verb. This generalized relationship can be divided into three types: global partial relation. There is a hierarchy difference between them. According to the strength of their subordinate relationship, they are called strong lineage relationship. This differential can be fed back by the appearance or concealment of the attributive of the argument noun phrase. The relationship between the collar and the right is related to each other: in the unobjective case where the relationship is strong and weak. The right shift is inevitable, and the collar relation is the motivation of the right shift, but in the unobjective sentence of the typical leading genus, the right shift is not necessary.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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