年度新词语使用的时空分布调查与分析

发布时间：2018-03-01 17:47

本文关键词： 年度新词语时空差异共用词独用词分布　出处：《北京语言大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，大量新事物、新现象、新事件不断涌现，并借助网络和媒体的平台得以迅速、广泛地传播，新词语获得了空前的发展。不同地域的年度新词语受到不同语用条件的影响，因此，在使用和传播的过程中具有一定的时空差异。本文主要以主流报纸为参照，利用语言监测的方法对北上广三地的年度新词语进行定量和定性分析。本文共分为七章。第一章主要介绍了年度新词语研究的背景、意义、内容、方法和目标，以及语料库基础和数据的获取方法；第二章主要介绍了语言监测研究的相关理论基础；第三章分别对北上广三地和京广两地的年度新词语时空分布差异进行统计分析；第四章主要从媒体传播的角度探讨了北上广年度新词语的传播差异；第五章分别选取了同族词使用差异、同义竞争差异以及词义变化个案考察等三个方面，对年度新词语的使用情况进行统计分析；第六章主要从社会共变与创造新词、潜显理论与构造新词以及语用因素与词语借用等三个方面对年度新词语的产生方式进行统计分析；第七章对本文研究进行总结。本文的结论主要有以下几个方面：第一，，从年度新词语的时空分布差异上看，年度新词语的时空分布主要受到语料规模的影响，语料规模越大，新词语词种的数量越大；另一方面，年度新词语词种的数量分布相对稳定，主要表现为：共用新词语的数量占绝对优势，部分共用新词语和各地独用新词语的数量相对较小。第二，从年度新词语的传播差异上看，一些反映社会重大事件、备受关注的社会问题、社会现象和新观念的年度新词语相对传播程度较高。另外，高频词对传播度影响非常明显，表现为：在大多数的年度中，少量高频词的累加频率均超过80%。第三，从年度新词语的使用差异上看，同族词的使用是年度新词语的重要特点，并呈现逐年上升的趋势。同义竞争反映了年度新词语动态发展的一种自我调节能力，一些简洁、经济、便于传播和记忆的新词语往往更容易被社会接受。一些描述备受关注的重大事件、社会现象的新词语更容易发生语域泛化和词义泛化。第四，从年度新词语产生方式的差异上看，一方面，构造新词是年度新词语产生的最主要方式，新复合词和新派生词占年度新词语的比重最大。另一方面，年度新词语的产生是语言从潜性到显性的动态过程的一种体现，构词法为年度新词语大量涌现提供了有利的条件，也是年度新词语空前发展的直接动力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a large number of new things, new phenomena, new events have sprung up and spread rapidly and widely through the Internet and media platforms. New words have been developed in an unprecedented way. The annual neologisms in different regions are influenced by different pragmatic conditions, therefore, there are some spatio-temporal differences in the use and dissemination of neologisms. This paper mainly refers to mainstream newspapers. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the annual neologisms in the three places is carried out by using the method of language monitoring. This paper is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter introduces the background, significance, content, methods and objectives of the annual neologism research, as well as the corpus basis and data acquisition method. The second chapter mainly introduces the theoretical basis of language monitoring research. Chapter three makes a statistical analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution differences of annual neologisms in the three places of north China and Guangzhou and Beijing and Guangzhou respectively. Chapter 4th mainly discusses the communication difference of the new words of the year from the angle of media communication. Chapter 5th selects three aspects: the use difference of homonym, the competition difference of synonym and the case study of word meaning change. Chapter 6th makes a statistical analysis on the generation of annual neologisms from three aspects: social covariance and cocreation of new words, latent theory and construction of new words, pragmatic factors and word borrowing. Chapter 7th summarizes the research of this paper. The conclusions of this paper are as follows:. First, the temporal and spatial distribution of the annual neologisms is mainly influenced by the size of the corpus. The larger the size of the corpus, the greater the number of neologisms; on the other hand, The number distribution of annual neologisms is relatively stable, mainly as follows: the number of common neologisms is the absolute dominant, and the number of some common neologisms and local exclusive neologisms is relatively small. Second, from the point of view of the differences in the communication of the annual new words, some of the annual new words which reflect major social events, social issues of great concern, social phenomena and new ideas are relatively high. The influence of high-frequency words on the propagation is very obvious, which shows that in most years, the accumulative frequency of a few high-frequency words is more than 80%. Thirdly, from the point of view of the difference in the use of annual neologisms, the use of congeners is an important feature of the annual neologisms and presents a rising trend year by year. Synonymous competition reflects a self-regulating ability of the dynamic development of annual neologisms. Some new words, which are simple, economical, easy to spread and memorize, are more easily accepted by the society. On the one hand, the construction of new words is the most important way to produce new words of the year, and the proportion of new compound words and new new words is the largest. The generation of annual neologisms is a reflection of the dynamic process of language from latent to explicit. Word formation provides favorable conditions for the emergence of annual neologisms and is also the direct driving force for the unprecedented development of annual neologisms.
【学位授予单位】：北京语言大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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