《魏书》数词研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 10:23

本文选题：《魏书》　切入点：数词　出处：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《魏书》是北齐魏收编纂的一部史书,成书于公元554年,书中的数词既有明显的历史继承性,又带有鲜明的时代特色。但到目前为止,还没有关于《魏书》数词方面研究的文章,所以本文以《魏书》中的数词为研究对象,对其中的数词进行全面的描写、分析,整理出《魏书》数词的整体系统,揭示出《魏书》中数词的使用特点以及称数法中新旧要素的替换状况,从而探寻数词的发展演变规律。本文采用历时和共时相结合的研究方法,通过将《魏书》与同时期的《宋书》进行共时的比较,从而了解该时期数词的使用概貌,并试图揭示出南北汉语数词使用的差异及地域特征。同时将《魏书》中数词的使用情况与上古汉语和近代汉语进行对比,以揭示出数词在中古时期出现的新变化,进而分析出它的发展轨迹。通过分析发现,《魏书》中数词的用法大体继承了上古汉语,但也出现了一些新现象：序数表达更加灵活,“第”完成虚化过程,成为纯粹的序数前缀,序数的完整表达形式“第+数词+中心词”开始形成。概数辅助词大量使用,“余”代替“有余”成为最主要的概数表达形式。出现了二数相连,重复名词或量词表概数以及“数四”这个具有鲜明中古特色的概数词。分数表达形式更加多样。南北朝时期量词得到显著发展,数量结构逐渐丰富,“名+数+量”形式取得很大发展；“数+量+名”结构开始兴起,并逐渐发展成熟。通过对比发现,《魏书》与《宋书》的数词用法大体相当,但《魏书》数词的使用更活泼,更加符合数词的发展进程。南北朝时期数词的一些新兴用法在《魏书》中广泛使用,体现了语言的发展性。但数词的个别萌芽用法仅见于《宋书》。
[Abstract]:Wei Shu is a historical book compiled by Wei Dynasty in Northern Qi Dynasty. It was written in AD 554. The numerals in the book have both obvious historical inheritance and distinctive characteristics of the times. But so far, There is no research on the number of Wei Shu, so this paper takes the numerals in Wei Shu as the research object, describes the numerals comprehensively, analyzes them, and arranges the whole system of the numerals in the Wei Shu. This paper reveals the characteristics of the use of numerals in Wei Shu and the replacement of new and old elements in the method of weighing numerals so as to explore the law of the development and evolution of numerals. This article adopts the diachronic and synchronic research method, by comparing the Wei Shu with the Song Shu of the same period, so as to understand the general use of numerals in that period. It also tries to reveal the differences in the use of numerals between North and South Chinese and their regional characteristics. At the same time, the usage of numerals in Wei Shu is compared with those in Upper Ancient Chinese and Modern Chinese in order to reveal the new changes of numerals in the Middle Ancient period. And then analyze its development track. Through analysis, it is found that the usage of numerals in Wei Shu generally inherits the ancient Chinese, but some new phenomena appear: the expression of ordinal numbers is more flexible, the "first" completes the process of vacuity and becomes the prefixes of pure ordinal numbers. The complete expression form of ordinal numbers "the center word of numerals" began to form. The auxiliary words of approximate numbers were used extensively, and "Yu" instead of "Yu" became the most important form of expression of approximate numbers. The approximate number of repeated nouns or classifiers, as well as the estimate of "number four", which has distinctive features in the Middle Ages, has become more diverse in its forms of expression. In the period of the Southern and Northern dynasties, quantifiers developed significantly. The quantitative structure is gradually rich, and the form of "number and quantity" has made great progress, and the structure of "number and quantity name" has started to rise and gradually developed and matured. By comparison, it is found that the usage of numerals in Wei Shu and Song Shu is roughly the same, but the use of numerals in Wei Shu is more lively and more in line with the development process of numerals. Some new usages of numerals in the Southern and Northern dynasties are widely used in Wei Shu. It reflects the development of language, but the germinating usage of numerals is only found in Song Shu.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H141

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