英语母语者汉语致使结构习得研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 06:33

本文选题：构式语法　切入点：致使移动构式　出处：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：致使概念是语言中普遍存在的一个语义范畴，表示某一实体受到某一致使主体的作用或影响而发生某种情状。以Goldberg为代表的构式语法将致使分为致使移动构式和致使结果构式。致使移动构式反映的是这样一种事实：某一实体在致使主体的直接影响和作用下，发生位置的改变并沿着一定的路径移动。致使结果构式反映的是这样一种事实：某一实体在致使主体的作用或影响下，，发生性质状态的改变。致使结果构式是致使移动构式的隐喻扩展。本文以Goldberg构式语法对致使结构分类和定义为基础，以对比语言学的一般理论与方法为指导，对英汉致使移动构式和致使结果构式进行了对比。由于英语致使构式侧重于用词汇手段表达致使意义，汉语则侧重于用句法手段表达致使意义，因此在汉语致使构式中，并没有完全与之相对应的表达形式。表达形式的差异给留学生习得汉语致使构式带来了很大的困难。汉语致使移动构式中致使主语和致使宾语的选择、致使轻动词的位置、致使结果的表达以及汉语致使结果构式中致使主语和致使宾语的选择、致使力与致使结果的位置与关系对英语母语者习得汉语致使结构有一定的影响。通过产出测试，语法判断测试和翻译测试，本文考察了54名英语母语者习得汉语致使结构的情况。根据自身的汉语熟练程度，54名英语母语者分为15名初级阶段被试，22名中级阶段被试和17名高级阶段被试。同时，15名汉语本族语学习者习得情况作为参考。结果显示，汉语水平与汉语致使结构的类型习得水平呈正比。学习者汉语水平越高，所习得的致使结构的类型就越多，习得的准确性就越高。同时，母语在致使习得过程中更多表现为阻碍作用，特别是对汉语心理动词的习得。而语言环境更多的表现为促进作用，平时接触得多的句子，产出正确率也相应高。因此，我们在平时教学当中应当在学习者的初级阶段就有意识地引导他们区分汉语致使结构和英语致使结构，辅以例子说明；增加汉语致使结构不同句法结构的语言输入，减少母语对习得的负面影响。
[Abstract]:The concept of causation is a universal semantic category in language. It means that an entity is affected by the action or influence of a causative subject. The construction syntax, represented by Goldberg, will result in the division of the resulting mobile construction and the causative resultant construction. The fact that an entity, under the direct influence and action of the subject of causation, A change of position and movement along a certain path. The resultant construction reflects the fact that an entity is acting or influencing the cause subject. The causative construction is a metaphorical extension of the causative movement.Based on the classification and definition of causative structures in Goldberg construction grammar, this paper is guided by the general theories and methods of contrastive linguistics. This paper makes a comparison between English and Chinese causative movement constructions and causative resultant constructions. Since English causative construction focuses on expressing causative meaning by lexical means and Chinese on expressing causative meaning by syntactic means, in Chinese causative construction, There is no corresponding expression form. The difference of expression forms makes it difficult for foreign students to learn Chinese causative construction. The choice of subject and object and the position of light verb in Chinese causative construction. The expression of causative result and the choice of causative subject and causative object in Chinese causative construction, the position and relation of causative force and causative result have certain influence on the acquisition of Chinese causative structure by native speakers of English. Grammar judgment test and translation test, According to their proficiency in Chinese, 54 native English speakers were divided into 15 subjects in the primary stage, 22 in the intermediate stage and 17 in the advanced stage. At the same time, the acquisition of 15 native Chinese learners was used as a reference. Chinese proficiency is in direct proportion to the level of type acquisition of Chinese causative structure. The higher the level of Chinese proficiency, the more types of causative structure are acquired and the higher the accuracy of acquisition. Mother tongue plays a more important role in the process of causative acquisition, especially in the acquisition of Chinese psychological verbs. Therefore, we should consciously guide learners to distinguish Chinese causative structures from English causative structures in the early stages of normal teaching, with examples to illustrate; to increase the language input of different syntactic structures of Chinese causative structures. Reduce the negative effects of mother tongue on acquisition.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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