“一下子”的用法及其演变研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 11:30

本文选题：一下子　切入点：句法功能　出处：《上海师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以“一下子”为主要研究对象，主要探讨两个不同质的“一下子”的句法分布、语法意义和语用功能，并对“一下子”和“一下”作出对比研究从而将两者区别开来，最后探寻“一下子”的演变历程。除去绪论和结语，全文共分为四章。第一章主要界定了两个不同质的“一下子”并研究“一下子1”的用法。通过举例说明，从性质、语义和句法三个方面界定出现代汉语存在两个不同质的“一下子”。运用句法、语义、语用三个平面的语法理论考察“一下子1”的用法。第二章着重从句法、语义和语用三方面深入挖掘“一下子2”的用法。“一下子2”的主要句法功能是作状语，从“一下子2”与动词性短语、形容词性短语、动形兼类词短语、小句形式四类的搭配限制这一角度，着重描写和分析了“一下子2”的句法环境；基本语法意义是“短时”，同时含有多种附加语法意义；语义特征经历了[+数量]消失，[+动量]减少，[+时量]凸显这样一个渐变的过程，这是“一下子2”的语法形式的变化及其语义变化之间互相作用的结果；“一下子2”带有主观性，具有主观情态功能，连用作状语可加强否定语气。第三章着眼于“一下子”和“一下”的差异。从出现时间差异、句法分布的差异、各自的新发展三个方面进行比较，以期揭示两者的不同并界定两者的词性。从而认识到：“一下”的出现时间要早于“一下子”；“一下”的主要句法功能是作补语，“一下子”的主要句法功能是作状语；二者在作补语和状语时又有细微差异；“一下”的新发展是放在名词后面作补语，“一下子”后加逗号进一步和谓语中心语分离；“一下”的词性界定为准副词，“一下子”已经完全演变成时间副词，甚至向着话语标记的“一下子3”的方向发展。第四章着重考察“一下子”的语法化。通过考察“一下子”在古文献中的使用情况，演示其语法化历程；从语言接触、自身语义条件和句法环境解释“一下子”语法化的动因；结合重新分析和类推、认知隐喻、主观性等理论分析“一下子”语法化的机制。
[Abstract]:Based on the "one" as the main research object, mainly discusses the syntactic distribution of two different "all at once", grammatical meaning and pragmatic function, and make a comparative study of the distinction of "one" and "back", "explore the evolution of a sudden end". Apart from the introduction and in conclusion, this paper is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter mainly defines two different "one" and "one of 1" usage. Through the example, from the three aspects of nature, semantic and syntactic definition of modern Chinese are two different "all at once". The use of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic three plane grammar theory investigation of "one 1" usage.
The second chapter focuses on the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic three aspects of mining "a 2" usage ". The main syntactic function at 2" is used as an adverbial, from "a 2" and verb phrases, adjective phrases, verb and adjective words phrases, clauses four class limit the collocation a point of view, mainly describes and analyzes the syntactic environment of a sudden 2 "; the basic grammatical meaning is" short ", also contains a variety of additional grammatical meaning; semantic features [+] the number has disappeared, [+ momentum] [+] when the amount is reduced, highlights such a process of gradual change, this is the" interaction between change of grammatical form and semantic changes at 2 "results"; a 2 "with subjectivity, subjective modality, used as adverbial can strengthen the negative tone.
The third chapter focuses on the difference between "one" and "look". From the time differences, differences in syntactic distribution, comparing three aspects of their new development, part of speech in order to reveal the difference and definition of both. To recognize: "what" appeared earlier than "all at once" "the main syntactic function; it is used as complement," a syntactic function "is adverbial; two have subtle differences in complement and adverbial;" new development "is placed after the noun. As a complement," suddenly "after a comma and further predicate center separation" "; part of speech defined as quasi adverb," one "has completely evolved into adverbs of time, even to the discourse markers of" one of 3 "direction.
The fourth chapter focuses on the "one" grammaticalization. By examining the use of "one" in ancient literature, demonstrates its grammaticalization; from the language contact, its semantic and syntactic environment explain "motivation once" grammaticalization; combined with the re analysis and analogy, cognitive metaphor, subjectivity theoretical analysis of mechanism of "one" grammaticalization.

【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】