对中、美、英三国大学简介的文类研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 15:15

本文选题：悉尼学派文类理论　切入点：图示结构　出处：《上海交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：文类理论(genre theory)被广泛应用到各种语篇，如学术语篇、促销类语篇等，分析语篇的整体结构和语言组织方式，已取得丰硕的成果，但对大学简介这类语篇的研究还很少见。作为与外界交流的窗口，大学简介的得体与否直接影响人们对大学的了解。本文聚焦于大学简介语篇，选取了32篇大学简介作为语料，研究中国和外国大学简介的图示结构(schematic structure)。本文主要采用定性分析的方法，以悉尼学派的文类理论为基础，通过分析语篇的语域(register)和交际目的(communicative purpose)来推测语篇的文类类型(genre type)。然后分析语料的图示结构，总结出中国和外国大学简介的一般图示结构类型，将两者进行对比研究，发现二者的异同点，为中国大学英文简介的写作提供一些建议。研究发现，二者具有相同的交际目的：告知读者他们的相关信息并宣传自己。此交际目的与报告（reports）文类的交际目的类似，所以，本研究假定大学简介属于报告文类，并通过对其图示结构的分析证明了此推断的正确性。中国大学英文简介和外国大学简介的图示结构是类似的，，都是分类(Classification)^描述(Description)（“^”表示“接着”），其中分类是可选阶段(optional stage)；描述是必要阶段(obligatory stage)。描述阶段都是由数个语篇相(phase)组成。在这一点上，中国和外国存在不同之处。比如，中国大学英文简介中存在背景介绍(Background Information)、能力展现(Capability Illustration)、校园文化(University Culture)、管理(Management)、社会化(Socialization)、国际合作(International Collaboration)和目标(Goal)这些语篇相组成，其中背景介绍和能力展现是必要语篇相，其余都为可选语篇相。他们的线性顺序基本为背景介绍^能力展现^目标,其余语篇相出现在能力展现的前或后面，位置不固定，且一个语篇相可能反复出现多次。与之不同的是外国大学简介存在背景介绍、能力展现、管理、财务状况(Financial)、国际化(Internalization)、社会化(Socialization)、拜访信息(Visiting Information)及目标等语篇相，其中只有能力展现是必要语篇相。而且这些语篇相出现的顺序没有一个统一的模式，每个学校都不相同，但大都以背景介绍和能力展现开始，拜访信息结束。通过对比两者的异同之处，对中国大学英文简介的改善提供如下参考建议：第一，通过使用日常用词和简单句来简化中国大学英文简介，以便于读者快速阅读，获得相关信息。第二，需要添加被忽视的方面介绍，如财务、奖学金、学费和拜访信息等；且各方面的介绍顺序可以依据各个学校的特色来安排，不必采取统一的模式。第三，可以通过链接的方式来简化网页，使内容既简短又丰富，便于读者选择和阅读。
[Abstract]:Genre theory has been widely used in various discourses, such as academic discourses, promotional discourses and so on. As a window of communication with the outside world, the appropriateness of a college introduction directly affects people's understanding of the university. This paper focuses on the text of a college introduction, and selects 32 college profiles as the corpus. To study the schematic structure of the profiles of Chinese and foreign universities. This paper mainly adopts the qualitative analysis method, based on the literary category theory of the Sydney School, by analyzing the register of the text and the communicative purpose of communicative purpose, we infer the genre genre / genre type of the text, and then analyze the graphical structure of the corpus. This paper summarizes the general schematic structure types of the profiles of Chinese and foreign universities, makes a comparative study of the two, finds the similarities and differences between the two, and provides some suggestions for the writing of the English profiles of Chinese universities. The study found that the two have the same communicative purpose: to inform the reader of their relevant information and to publicize themselves. This communicative purpose is similar to that of the report report. Therefore, the present study assumes that the university profile belongs to the reporting category. The correctness of the inference is proved by the analysis of its graphic structure. The schematic structure of the English and foreign university profiles of Chinese universities is similar. Classification ^ describes description ("^" means "then"), where the classification is optional; the description is the necessary phase. The description phase is composed of several textual phases. At this point, there are differences between China and foreign countries. For example, There are background information elements, capability demonstration, campus culture, management management, socialization, international cooperation International collaboration) and goal in the English introduction of Chinese universities, in which background introduction and ability presentation are essential discourse elements. The rest are optional discourse phases. Their linear order is basically the background introduction ^ ability presentation ^ goal, and the rest of the discourse phases appear before or after the ability presentation, and the position is not fixed. In contrast to the introduction of a foreign university, the presentation of competence, management, financial situation, internationalization, social socialization, visiting information Visiting Information, and objectives, etc., can be used to explain the existence of the background, the ability to demonstrate, the financial situation, the financial situation, and so on. There is no uniform pattern in the sequence of these discourse phases, each school is different, but most of them begin with background introduction and ability presentation, and the visiting information ends. By comparing the similarities and differences between the two, this paper provides the following suggestions for the improvement of the introduction of Chinese University English:. First, by using daily words and simple sentences to simplify the introduction of Chinese University English, so that readers can quickly read and obtain relevant information. Second, we need to add neglected aspects, such as finance, scholarships, etc. Tuition fees and visit information, etc., and the order of introductions can be arranged according to the characteristics of each school, without having to adopt a unified model. Third, the web pages can be simplified by means of links, making the content both short and rich. Easy for readers to choose and read.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H152;H315

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