山西繁峙方言代词研究
发布时间：2018-03-22 01:11
本文选题：繁峙方言 切入点：人称代词 出处：《山西师范大学》2013年硕士论文 论文类型：学位论文
【摘要】：本论文以山西繁峙县方言的代词为研究对象,试图较为全面、系统地描写分析繁峙方言代词的使用情况,并且归纳出繁峙方言代词的特点。同时运用静态平面描写的方法,把繁峙方言代词和普通话做了对比,以此推动繁峙乃至山西方言代词的研究,进而为整个汉语方言代词的研究提供晋语方言点的研究成果。 本论文分五个部分,包括引言、繁峙方言人称代词、繁峙方言指示代词、繁峙方言疑问代词和结语。 第一章“引言”。介绍了繁峙的地理概况、历史沿革和方言概况,简要描述了繁峙方言的声韵调系统,详细综述了汉语方言及山西方言代词研究现状,简述了本文的目的及意义,介绍了本文的研究方法,说明了本文的语料来源及发音合作人的情况,并对文章体例进行了说明。 第二章“繁峙方言人称代词”。详细描述了繁峙方言人称代词的不同用法。繁峙方言人称代词包括三身代词和非三身代词。三身代词又有单复数的差别以及三身代词的活用。人称代词的单数形式分别有“我”、“你[ni]”和“他[thA]”,他们都可以做主语、定语和宾语,做定语时,只修饰具体名词,需要带结构助词“的”。复数形式有“喃”、“你[nie]”、“他[tha?]”、“喃们”、“你[nie]们”、“他[thA]们”,其中“喃”、“你[nie]”和“他[tha?]”并没有借助于复数词尾“们”,而是用单个的人称代词表示复数,“喃们”、“你[nie]们”和“他[thA]们”是借助词尾“们”构成的复合形式,“他们”是第三人称代词复数的一般形式和一般用法,“喃们”和“你[nie]们”作为复数,字面意思是单数,但实际用来增强语气和增长说话人的气势,带有一定的感情色彩。人称代词的特殊用法可以表虚指、任指和转换,也可以和名词连用表同指,还可以用在指示代词和疑问代词前,组合在一起充当句子成分。非三身代词分为共称代词“咱”同位指称“尔”、自称代词和别称代词。“咱”是包括听话人在内的一个人称代词,他除了一般用法以外,还和人称代词以及亲属名词组成词组,用以加强语气,组合以后的“咱”,更加虚化。“尔”既可单独使用,用于指代说话人和听话人的第三方,也可和人称代词或名词组合使用,组成同位结构,充当主语,表达一定的感情色彩。自称代词有“各人儿”、“一个儿”和“一个独儿”,还有一个相当于反身代词的复数表达方式是“人称代词(复数)+数词+个儿”。别称代词有“旁人”,相当于普通话的“别人” 第三章“繁峙方言指示代词”。繁峙方言的指示代词和普通话一样,主要有表近指的“这”和表远指的“那”,这两个词相互对应。和普通话不同的是繁峙话的指示代词用在不同的语句中读音会随之变化,分别有三种读音,为“这[(?)]”和“那[ne]”、“这[(?)]”和“那[n(?)]”“这[(?)A(?)]”和“那[nA?]”。这一部分详细描述了繁峙方言指示代词的表现形式和各种用法,分别可以用来指示人和事物、指示处所、指示时间、指示方式、指示性状、指示程度和指示数量。指示人或事物的指示代词有三种形式,后接名词或直接当主语,读作“这[(?)]”和“那[n(?)]”后接数量词,读作“这[(?)]”和“那[ne]”；虚化用以增强语气时,则单用读作“这[(?)A(?)]”和“那[nA?]”。指示处所的有读作“这[(?)]”和“那[n(?)]”的“这里”、“那里”、“这地儿”和“那地儿”,还有读作“这[(?)]”和“那[ne]”的“这面”、“那面”、“这厢”、“那厢”、“这圪节儿”和“那圪节儿”。指示时间的有既可以表时段,也可以表时点的“这会儿”和“那会儿”,“这”和“那”读作“这[(?)]”和“那[n(?)]”,也有只表时段的“这毛”、“那毛”、“这些时”、“那些时”、“这二年”、“那二年”和“那日儿”,“这”和“那”读作“这[(?)]”和“那[ne]”。指示方式的指示代词有“这□[h(?)]”和“那□[h(?)]”,还有“这么个(儿)”和“那么个(儿)”,用来指示行为的方式方法,这里的“这”和“那”读作“这[(?)]”和“那[n(?)]”。指示性状的指示代词有“这种”和“那种”,“这”和“那”读作“这[(?)]”和“那[ne]”,另外“这么”和“那么”也可以指示性状,读作“这[(?)]”和“那[n(?)]”。指示程度的指示代词有“这么”和“那么”,一般用来表示程度深,而不用来表示程度浅,这里的“这”和“那”读作“这[(?)]”和“那[n(?)]”。指示数量的指示代词有“这么点儿”和“那么点儿”用来指示数量之小,“这么些(些)”和“那么些(些)”则用来指示数量之多,指示数量时,“这”和“那”分别读作“这[(?)]”和“那[n(?)]” 第四章“繁峙方言疑问代词”。详细描述了繁峙话疑问代词的形式和用法。繁峙话的疑问代词有疑问和非疑问两种用法。用作疑问的繁峙方言疑问代词有询问人、询问事物、询问处所、询问时间、询问原因方式、询问性状、询问数量七种情况。询问人的疑问代词有单数形式的“谁”和复数形式的“谁们”。询问事物的疑问代词有“啥”,啥既可以单用,也可以修饰表人和表事物的名词性词组。询问处所的疑问代词有“啥地方”、“哪”、“哪了”、“哪地儿”、“哪圪节儿”和“哪面”,前三个疑问代词适用范围较广,可以指任意的地方,“哪地儿”和“哪圪节儿”所指的范围较窄,一般指问话者所指的范围中的一个点或一小段地方,“哪面”则一般用于询问方位。询问时间的疑问代词中,“啥时候”和“多会儿”用法一样,“几点”询问时点,具体的时分秒,“几时”询问距说话时间较远的时间,“多长时间”用于询问一段时间。询问原因方式的疑问代词有“为啥”、“因为啥”和“咋”。询问性状的疑问代词有“啥□[h(?)]的”“啥的”和“啥样儿(的)”。询问数量的疑问代词有“多少”和“几”,“几”多用来询问十以内的整数。繁峙方言疑问代词的非疑问用法有用于虚指、任指、反问、否定四种。 第五章“结语”。总结了本文考察和分析的主要内容和主要结论,明确指出繁峙方言代词的特点，，并指出了今后繁峙方言代词研究中尚待解决的问题。
[Abstract]:This paper takes Shanxi County of Fanshi dialect pronouns as the research object, trying to be more comprehensive, systematic descriptive analysis of the use of Fanshi dialect pronouns, and summed up the characteristics of Fanshi dialect pronouns. And with the method of static description, then compare the Fanshi dialect pronouns and common words, in order to promote the study of Fanshi and Shanxi dialect pronouns the research results so as to provide the research point of the Jin dialect pronoun of Chinese dialects.
This thesis is divided into five parts, including the introduction, the pronoun of Fanshi dialect, the demonstrative pronoun of Fanshi dialect, the interrogative pronoun of Fanshi dialect and the conclusion.
The first chapter is "Introduction". This paper introduces Fanshi's geography, history and general situation of dialect, a brief description of the phonetic system of Fanshi dialect, a detailed review of the Chinese dialect and Shanxi dialect pronoun research situation, introduces the purpose and significance of this paper, introduces the research method of this thesis, explains the source corpus and pronunciation the people of the situation, and the style are described.
The second chapter is "personal pronouns in Fanshi dialect". A detailed description of the different usage of personal pronouns in Fanshi dialect. Fanshi dialect pronouns including three pronouns and non three pronouns. Use three pronouns and plural difference and three personal pronouns. The singular pronouns are "I", "you [ni]" and "he [thA]", they can be used as subject, attribute and object, attributive, modify specific nouns, need to bring the structure auxiliary word "de". The plural form of "you", "you [nie]", "he [tha?]", "you", "you [nie]". "He [thA]", which "you", "you [nie]" and "[tha" he? "And without the use of plural suffix" men ", but with a single personal pronoun plural," you "," you [nie] "and" he [thA] "is the composite form of suffix men" the constitution, "they" Is the general form and general usage of third person plural pronoun, "Nan" and "you [nie]" as a plural, literal meaning is singular, but to enhance the speaker's tone and growth momentum, with a certain degree of emotional. Special usage of personal pronouns can form virtual refers to any means and conversion, can also be the same table and nouns that can also be used in demonstrative pronouns and interrogative pronouns, together as parts of the sentence. The three personal pronouns divided into the pronoun "I" in "Er", referential pronoun and nickname pronoun. "I" is a pronoun including the hearer, he in addition to the general usage, and personal pronouns and noun phrases with relatives, to strengthen the tone, after the combination of "Zan", more virtual. "Er" can be used alone, is used to refer to the speaker and the hearer of the third party, and people can also be A pronoun or noun combination, composed of appositive structure, as a subject, express a certain emotion. "Each person pronoun", "one" and "one child", and the equivalent of a reflexive pronoun plural expression is "personal pronouns (plural) + number + height" "others" nickname. Pronouns, Mandarin equivalent of "other people"
绗笁绔犫
本文编号：1646382
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/wenyilunwen/yuyanxuelw/1646382.html
