甲定苗族亲属称谓研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 23:19

本文选题：甲定苗族　切入点：亲属称谓　出处：《中央民族大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：亲属称谓既是一种语言现象,反映着语言使用者所在的语言系统的面貌与状况,又是一种文化现象,渗透着其所处的文化系统内的婚姻、家庭等文化内涵。它兼具自然属性和社会属性,成为一种纽带式的文化现象,将多种研究领域有机地结合了起来。苗语的亲属称谓,就现有的文献看,多从亲属称谓与亲属关系、亲属制度的联系角度着手,发掘的多为亲属称谓中蕴涵的苗族历史文化与宗教传统,倾向于文化的研究。而较多地从语言学意义角度的研究相比之下就不多了,尤其针对苗语某个方言的亲属称谓的就更少。因此,本人拟以贵州省贵阳市花溪区高坡苗族乡甲定村苗语亲属称谓为研究对象,通过实地调研获得的材料,整理描述出该地苗语亲属称谓系统并为其归类,同时将着重从语义与语用的角度进行论述,总结规律,分析其语言学意义。本文首先以血亲和姻亲关系为依据,以祖辈、父辈、已辈至儿辈、孙辈五代为纲,系统描述甲定苗族的亲属称谓系统。然后,着重从语义和语用两个方面对其进行分析。语义分析主要从甲定苗族亲属称谓的义素分析、义位网络、语义组合以及语义场的特点几个方面展开。首先确定了适用于甲定苗语亲属称谓的几个语义范畴：血亲和姻亲；直系和旁系；辈分；性别；长幼,并且在借鉴前人研究经验的基础上将这几个范畴进一步划分,区分出第一层关系、第二层关系和终点关系,以求对亲属称谓进行更为深入的义素分析。其次,从一个称谓词指称多个亲属关系的情况入手,分析亲属称谓语义场中义位的聚合,探索其义位网络,归纳出甲定苗族的亲属称谓主要有性别因素、直系与旁系关系、亲疏关系以及长幼关系四种要素构成的义位网络。最后介绍了甲定苗族亲属称谓中的几种语义组合方式,最后总结了甲定苗族亲属称谓语义场具有语义范畴多样性、封闭性、社会性三个特点。而甲定苗族亲属称谓的语言使用方面,许多情况下,并不是每个称呼者对每一位被称呼者的称呼都是唯一的,或是称谓的方法上是统一的,而是有着场合、已婚未婚、有子无子以及称呼者出发点等具体问题的区别的,从而出现了称谓的变体。因此,在语用分析部分主要探讨“叙称和对称”、“从夫称和从妻称”、“从孩称”、“父母称”、“释称”五种语用情况。
[Abstract]:Kinship appellation is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a cultural phenomenon, reflecting the appearance and status of the language system in which the language users live, and permeating the marriage within the cultural system in which they live. Family and other cultural connotations. It has both natural and social attributes, and it has become a kind of cultural phenomenon of tie type, organically combining many fields of study. From the angle of kinship appellation, kinship relation and kinship system, the historical culture and religious tradition of the Miao nationality contained in the kinship appellation are explored. There is a tendency to study culture. But there are few studies from the perspective of linguistic meaning, especially for the kinship terms of a certain dialect of Miao dialect. Therefore, I intend to take the relative appellation of Miao language in Gaopo Miao Village of Huaxi District, Guiyang City, as the research object. Through the materials obtained from the field investigation, I arrange and describe the kinship appellation system of the Miao language in this area and classify it. At the same time, it will focus on the semantic and pragmatic perspectives, summarize the rules, and analyze its linguistic significance. This paper first describes the kinship system of Jiading Miao nationality on the basis of consanguinity and in-laws, taking the ancestors, fathers, grandsons and grandchildren as the outline, and then analyzes the system from the semantic and pragmatic aspects. Semantic analysis is mainly carried out from the aspects of sememe analysis, semantic network, semantic combination and the characteristics of semantic field of kinship appellation of Jiading Miao nationality. Firstly, several semantic categories suitable for kinship appellation of Jiading Miao language are determined: blood relatives and in-laws; Direct and collateral systems; generation; gender; long and young; and on the basis of previous research experience, these categories are further divided into the first, second and end relationships. In order to analyze the meaning of kinship appellation more deeply. Secondly, starting with the case that one appellation term refers to multiple kinship relations, this paper analyzes the aggregation of the sememe in the semantic field of kinship appellation, and probes into the semantic network of kinship appellation. It is concluded that the kinship appellations of Jiading Miao nationality are mainly composed of sex factors, lineal and collateral relationships, affinities and relationships between parents and children. Finally, several semantic combinations of kinship appellations in Jiading Miao nationality are introduced. Finally, the semantic field of kinship appellation of Jiading Miao nationality has three characteristics: diversity of semantic category, closure and sociality. In many cases, not every address given by each address is the only one, or the method of addressing is uniform, but there are occasions, married and unmarried, in the use of the language of the kinship appellation of Jiading Miao nationality. There are differences in specific issues, such as children without children and starting points of appellants, thus resulting in variations of appellations. In the part of pragmatic analysis, five kinds of pragmatic conditions are mainly discussed, such as "narrative and symmetry", "from husband and wife", "from child", "from parents" and "interpretation".
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H216

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