从认知角度研究汉语隐喻中“黑”的文化内涵

发布时间：2018-04-04 13:18

本文选题：黑色　切入点：概念隐喻　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十世纪七十年代以来，隐喻研究取得了巨大的进展。对于隐喻的研究不仅仅在语言学领域,而且还涉及哲学、心理学、社会学等学科。莱考夫的概念隐喻理论认为隐喻不仅是一个语言现象，而且是一个思维和认知的过程。他认为隐喻的实质通过一类事物理解另一类事物。 1980年莱柯夫（G. Lakoff）和约翰逊(M. Johnson)共同出版了《我们赖以生存的隐喻》一书，标志着隐喻研究进入到一个全新的时期。隐喻已经从修饰功能，语言学方面向认知功能方向转变。这一理论的核心是在人类的日常生活中，人类无法离开隐喻而进行交流与沟通。因此，隐喻影响着我们生活的方方面面，无处不在。不仅仅语言中有隐喻的踪影，人类的思想和行为也受到隐喻的影响。在人类日常概念体系中，隐喻已经成为人们认知、思维、经历、语言甚至行为的基础。本文基于概念隐喻理论，探索中国传统文化中的黑色隐喻。本文主要研究以下问题：（1）以诗歌《一代人》为切入点，揭示汉语中有哪些常见的黑色隐喻？（2）中国传统中的“黑色”隐喻蕴含了哪些文化因素? （3）这些“黑色”隐喻对于中国传统文化和思维方式的形成产生了什么影响? 论文首先研究了诗歌《一代人》中的黑色隐喻。为了更深刻、全面、客观地揭示汉语隐喻中的“黑色”的文化内涵，，论文还选用了汉语成语和习语字典，英语字典和中国古典诗歌和现代诗歌和小说。通过分析以上数据和文本，可以得出以下结论：（1）在汉语中，主要有六大类关于“黑色”的隐喻，其中包括：“情感是黑色”、“时代是黑色”、“死亡是黑色”、“艺术是黑色”、“恶魔是黑色”、“美丽是黑色”。这些是我们对外面世界的反映，对自身经验的反映，对传统文化的反映。（2）汉语中存在着大量关于黑色的隐喻表达方式,这些表达方式具有特定的文化特征,这些特征的形成与中国传统哲学思想,历史,文化等因素密切相关。（3）本文中包含“黑色”的隐喻折射出汉语中一些隐喻的认知机制。黑色是中立的颜色，即使与其他颜色结合，不会使其他颜色改变自身的属性，并能与其他颜色相得益彰，“天人合一”和“中庸”哲学思想恰如其分地体现了黑色这一特征，这些哲学思想在中国文化传统中占据重要位置。因此，通过对含有“黑色”词的隐喻进行研究可以探知汉语中所蕴含的特定文化。
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s, great progress has been made in the study of metaphor.The study of metaphor is not only in the field of linguistics, but also in philosophy, psychology, sociology and so on.Lakoff's conceptual metaphor theory holds that metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a process of thinking and cognition.He thinks that the essence of metaphor is to understand one kind of thing through another.In 1980, Lakoff and Johnson Ms.Johnson jointly published metaphor for our existence, which marks the beginning of a new era in the study of metaphor.Metaphor has changed from modifying function and linguistics to cognitive function.The core of this theory is that human beings cannot communicate and communicate without metaphor in their daily life.Therefore, metaphor affects every aspect of our life and is everywhere.Not only does metaphor exist in language, but human thought and behavior are also influenced by metaphor.Metaphor has become the basis of cognition, thought, experience, language and even behavior in human daily conceptual system.Based on the conceptual metaphor theory, this paper explores the black metaphor in Chinese traditional culture.This paper mainly studies the following questions:1) what are the common black metaphors in Chinese from the perspective of poetry "Generation"?(2) what cultural factors does the "black" metaphor in Chinese tradition contain?How do these "black" metaphors affect the formation of Chinese traditional culture and mode of thinking?The thesis first studies the black metaphors in the poem "Generation".In order to reveal the cultural connotation of "black" in Chinese metaphors more deeply, comprehensively and objectively, the paper also selects Chinese idioms and idioms dictionaries, English dictionaries, Chinese classical poems and modern poems and novels.By analyzing the above data and texts, the following conclusions can be drawn:In Chinese, there are six kinds of metaphors about "black", including: "emotion is black", "time is black", "death is black", "art is black", "devil is black", "beauty is black".These are our reflections on the outside world, on our own experiences, on traditional cultures.There are a large number of black metaphorical expressions in Chinese, which have specific cultural characteristics. The formation of these features is closely related to Chinese traditional philosophy, history, culture and other factors.3) the "black" metaphor in this paper reflects the cognitive mechanism of some metaphors in Chinese.Black is a neutral color that, even when combined with other colors, does not alter its own attributes and can complement other colors. The philosophical ideas of "unity of man and nature" and "moderation" aptly embody this characteristic of black.These philosophical thoughts occupy an important position in Chinese cultural tradition.Therefore, through the study of metaphors with "black" words, we can find out the specific culture contained in Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15

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