无相文雄汉语音韵学著述所见明清官话

发布时间：2018-04-09 13:39

本文选题：无相文雄　切入点：唐音学　出处：《浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2014年06期

【摘要】：18世纪初始,日本兴起了为能直接用汉语阅读中华典籍而进行汉语教学的"唐音学"。18世纪中期,"唐音学"从简单的实用汉语教学转向汉语音韵学的理论探讨,其集大成者是释无相文雄,他先后撰写了《磨光韵镜》、《三音正讹》等大量的汉语音韵学著述。通过研读文雄的著述,我们既可以基本了解当时日本人对汉语的认识,也可以从一个侧面获知明清之际,特别是康熙时期之后的汉语官话实况。其时,中国大体上有两种被公众认知的官话,也叫"读书音":一种以南京官话为代表,有入声;另一种是无入声的"中州韵",用作歌曲音。但它们都不及有清浊声母之分的"杭州音"更合于韵书,更接近于唐宋古音。这也正是19世纪70年代之前日本唐通事们学习汉语以南京官话为主,有人还兼学杭州话的主要原因。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 18th century, "Tang phonology", which was used to teach Chinese in order to read Chinese classics directly in Chinese, rose in Japan. In the middle of the 18th century, Tang phonetics changed from simple and practical Chinese teaching to the theoretical discussion of Chinese phonology.His masterpiece is Shi Weizhanxiong, who has written a large number of Chinese phonological works, such as polished Mirror, Tri-phonetic and correct errors, and so on.By studying Wen Xiong's works, we can not only understand Japanese's understanding of Chinese, but also know the actual situation of Mandarin in Ming and Qing dynasties, especially after Kangxi period.At that time, there were generally two official dialects known to the public in China, also known as "reading sounds": one was represented by Nanjing Mandarin, and the other was the silent "Zhongzhou rhyme", which was used as a song sound.But they do not match the rhyme more closely with the ancient notes of Tang and Song dynasties.This is also the main reason why Japanese Tang Tong Shi studied Chinese mainly in Nanjing Mandarin before the 1870s, and some people also studied Hangzhou dialect.
【作者单位】：浙江大学韩国研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(09BYY045)
【分类号】：H11

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