当代汉语“更”及“更X”的功能扩展研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 10:49

本文选题：“更”及“更X” + 搭配功能　；参考：《上海师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要探讨汉语更高级程度副词“更”及“更X”在当代汉语中的发展和演变。除前言和结论外，主要分为四个部分：第一章着重分析了“更”及“更X”在当代汉语中出现的新兴搭配，该类副词作为相对程度副词，早已不局限于和性质形容词及心理动词搭配使用。它们不仅能和具有[+程度义][+性状义]的状态形容词、动词、名词组成语法结构，同时还能和动词短语形成语篇层面的组合，其相对程度副词的性质还能够赋予其后成分以外部程度，从而拓宽了其搭配共现的范围,体现出关联性。该类副词在搭配上的新特点还体现了说话人的主观赋量，表现出主观化的倾向。第二章主要研究前项省略的“更”及“更X”和“更”及“更X”的主观性。“更”及“更X”是现代汉语中使用频率很高的一类副词，过去一直将其看作典型的相对程度副词，即通过具体的、客观的比较来表示程度增加。但近年来，随着前项省略的“更”及“更X”广泛使用，在主观化等动因和机制的作用下，这类副词逐渐出现了主观化的倾向。我们认为，其前后项的转化、前项的泛化和空缺是其主观化的主要方式。第三章通过研究“更”及“更X”表关联和衔接时的语义类型和表达功用，探究该类副词的连接功能。“更”及“更X”的基本用法是用于句内表程度增加，随着其篇章功能的强化，也可用于句子或篇章间，具有关联和衔接功能，这从其近年来的功能变化和句法位置上都可得到证明。表关联时有三种语义关系，即单纯表递进增加、追补说明有关话题和信息，，以及强调突出高量度特例。第四章着眼于“更”及“更X”功能扩展的动因及机制。“更、更加”在修饰各类词语和结构上表现得更为自由，“更、更是”的关联性和情态性则优于其他几个词语。这些新特点和趋势的动因主要是主观表达和篇章表达的需要，主观化是重要动因，语用推理、类推等是其主要机制。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the development and evolution of more advanced degree adverbs "Geng" and "Geng X" in contemporary Chinese.In addition to the preface and conclusion, it is divided into four parts:The first chapter focuses on the emerging collocations of "Gan" and "Geng X" in contemporary Chinese. As relative adverbs, these adverbs are not limited to the collocation of nature adjectives and psychological verbs.They not only form grammatical structures with state adjectives, verbs and nouns with [degree] [trait meaning], but also form textual combinations with verb phrases.The nature of the relative degree adverb can also endow the subsequent components with external degree, thus widening the scope of collocation co-occurrence and reflecting the relevance.The new collocation features of this kind of adverbs also reflect the subjective quantity of the speaker and show the tendency of subjectivization.The second chapter mainly studies the subjectivity of the omissions of "more" and "more X" and "more X" and "more X"."Gan" and "Gan X" are a kind of adverbs which are frequently used in modern Chinese. In the past, they have been regarded as typical adverbs of relative degree, that is to say, the degree is increased by concrete and objective comparison.However, in recent years, with the widespread use of the "more" and "more X" omitted in the preceding paragraph, such adverbs have gradually appeared the tendency of subjectivization under the action of such motives and mechanisms as subjectivization.We think that the transformation of the preceding term, the generalization and the vacancy of the preceding term are the main ways of its subjectivization.The third chapter explores the connective function of these adverbs by studying the semantic types and expressive functions of the "Geng" and "Gan-X" tables.The basic usage of "Gan" and "Gan X" is to increase the degree of expression in a sentence. With the enhancement of its textual function, it can also be used in sentences or between texts, with the functions of relevance and cohesion.This can be proved by its functional changes and syntactic position in recent years.There are three semantic relationships in table association, that is, simple incremental increase, supplementary explanation of relevant topics and information, and emphasis on highlighting special cases of high metrics.Chapter four focuses on the motivation and mechanism of function expansion."more, more" shows more freedom in modifying all kinds of words and structures, and the relevance and modality of "more, more" are superior to those of other words.The motivation of these new features and trends is mainly the need of subjective expression and textual expression, the subjective is the important motivation, and pragmatic reasoning and analogy are the main mechanisms.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】