现代汉语增量副词研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 04:33

  本文选题：增量副词 + 增量算子　； 参考：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：量蕴含于事物、事件、性状等各种人们可以感知的因素里,它是我们能动反映这个世界的一个重要范畴,所以近些年量范畴研究在汉语语法研究中成为了较为突出的一个热点。本文通过对以往诸多研究的总结发现学界内关于增量的研究微乎其微,因而作为量范畴的一个重要的次类范畴-增量是亟待进一步深入探讨和研究的课题。 本文共五部分： 前言部分主要界定了增量副词的定义：那些具有增量算子功能,并通过和别的表量实体结合,在已定的量变层次和基准量的基础上,使得整个结构的量值向正方向增大变化的副词。同时根据此定义,以王自强《现代汉语虚词词典》(1998)为研究范围,将现代汉语中的增量副词的个数确定为182个。 第一章从意义、量性两个角度对增量副词进行了系统地分类。意义上,增量副词可以分为表叠加重复或连续类、表延续类、表程度加深类、表关系递进类、表范围扩展类、情感、情态增量副词七种。量性角度下,增量副词可以分为客观增量副词、主观增量副词、模糊增量副词、精确增量副词、增多量副词、增少量副词六类。虽然两个角度是独立的,但是两者之间也有一定的联系。 第二章论述了增量副词在语音、语义、结构功能和表达效率功能上的特征：首先增量副词在语音上多表现为轻重音和叠音;其次,增量副词在语义上表现出典型的算子语法特征,基本的表现式为“A+B+C+…”;结构上,从构词形式看,增量副词多是并列、偏正、重叠、后加式,而且,增量副词中有一些能产语素,这些语素遵循着并列、状中、叠加、后加这些构词方式,可以产出更多的表增量的词、短语亦或格式;从组合分布看,不同意义类的增量副词在同其后的中心语组合时有不同的选择倾向；语用功能上增量副词在话语中起到了二次计量和焦点标记的作用。 第三章从认知角度研究增量副词的认知特征。首先本文得出增量副词在视角、情感、认识上体现了典型的主观性。其次,本文还剖析出增量副词的认知过程。 结语部分则指出了本文的研究成果和研究不足。
[Abstract]:Quantity is an important category in which people can perceive things, events, traits and so on. Therefore, in recent years, the study of quantitative category has become a hot topic in the study of Chinese grammar.In this paper, it is found that there is very little research on increment in academic circles, so increment, as an important subcategory of quantitative category, is an urgent subject to be further discussed and studied.This paper consists of five parts:The preface mainly defines the incremental adverbs: those with the function of incremental operators, and by combining with other table entities, on the basis of fixed quantitative change levels and datum,An adverb that increases the quantity of the whole structure in a positive direction.According to this definition, the number of incremental adverbs in modern Chinese is determined to be 182, taking Wang Ziqiang's Dictionary of function words in Modern Chinese as the research scope.The first chapter classifies incremental adverbs systematically from the aspects of meaning and quantity.In the sense, incremental adverbs can be divided into seven categories: table superposition repetition or continuous category, table continuation class, table degree deepening class, table relation progressive class, table scope extension class, emotion and modal incremental adverb.From the perspective of quantity, incremental adverbs can be divided into six categories: objective incremental adverbs, subjective incremental adverbs, fuzzy incremental adverbs, precise incremental adverbs, increasing quantity adverbs and increasing a few adverbs.Although the two angles are independent, there is also a certain connection between the two.The second chapter discusses the features of incremental adverbs in phonological, semantic, structural and expressive efficiency.Incremental adverbs show typical operator grammatical features in semantics, and the basic expression is "A B C 鈥，

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