《世说新语》人体词研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 08:54

本文选题：世说新语 + 人体词　；参考：《宁波大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《世说新语》中的人体词数量很丰富，值得做进一步研究。本文目的在于清晰地展现书中人体词的特征，以推进断代、专书人体词的研究广度和深度，更好地揭示人体词的发展演变脉络。本文列举了《世说》中所有人体词，在分类基础上对书中人体词新词、新义进行举例、分析，研究了书中人体词的构词形式，最后运用认知语言学理论分析人体词背后的隐喻原理。本文使用了专书调查法、分析描写法、共时比较法、历时比较法、例举法等，并配合了表格、图表等辅助手段。本文统计出《世说》中共有人体词156个，其中单音词46个，双音词93个，综合式复音词17个。人体新词25个，新义3个。《世说》中人体词总特征是：头部和四肢词汇十分丰富、人体词汇系统处于由简到繁的过程中、双音词蓬勃发展。书中人体新词、新义的特点是：复音人体词占绝大多数；复音词的构词法渐臻于完善；词类为名词、动词、形容词。《世说》中人体词的构词形式，反映书中人体词在符合人体词整体发展趋势的同时也有自己的特点：①动宾式数量居首位。②新词中流传至今的，偏正式数量最多。③流传后世的双音词中，数量上动宾式占优势，比例上联合式占优势。④综合式复音人体词中的普通名词数量比先秦显著增多，四字成语数量比汉代增多。⑤三音节人体词的第一层次和第二层次均为偏正结构，，四音节成语的第一层次为联合式或主谓式，第二层次较为复杂。⑥数量如此庞大的人体词是同时期其他文献中所没有的。《世说》中人体词的隐喻义包括形貌隐喻义、位置隐喻义、功能隐喻义。隐喻投射包括形貌投射、位置投射和功能投射。《世说》一书重视人体审美，其风格的形成是由于玄学成为主流学说、佛教的兴盛、人们审美观念转变。创新点：指出了某些论文和专著在释义或分析方面的不当之处，陈述了自己的观点。如：“口谈”一词的出现时间；“企脚”、“叉手”等词的准确释义。还补充了《大词典》未收的几个词语：“肤清、举手、风领毛骨、褰裳濡足”。指出《大词典》“眼光”、“黑头公”两个词条下首引文献过晚。
[Abstract]:The number of human words in Shi Shuo Xin Yu is very rich, so it is worth further study.The purpose of this paper is to clearly show the characteristics of the body words in the book, in order to promote the research breadth and depth of the body words in different dynasties and special books, and better reveal the development and evolution of the body words.This paper enumerates all the human words in Shi Shuo, on the basis of classification, gives examples of the new words and new meanings of the human words in the book, analyzes and studies the forms of word formation of the human words in the book.Finally, the cognitive linguistics theory is used to analyze the metaphorical principles behind human body words.This paper uses the methods of special book investigation, analysis and description, synchronic comparison, diachronic comparison, examples, and so on.In this paper, there are 156 human words, including 46 monosyllabic words, 93 disyllabic words and 17 compound polysyllabic words.There are 25 human neologisms and 3 new meanings.The general characteristics of human words in "Shi Shuo" are that the head and limbs are very rich, the human body vocabulary system is in the process from simplicity to complexity, and disyllabic words flourish.The features of the new human words in the book are: polyphonic human words account for the majority; the word formation of polysyllabic words is gradually improving; the parts of speech are nouns, verbs, adjectives.The form of word-formation of human words in "Shi Shuo" reflects that the body words in the book not only accord with the overall development trend of human words, but also have their own characteristics. At the same time, they have their own characteristics.In the majority of disyllabic words, the number of verb-object type is dominant in quantity, and the number of common nouns in compound polyphonic human words in proportion is significantly higher than that in pre-Qin period.The number of four-character idioms is more than that of Han Dynasty. The first and second levels of three-syllable body words are both positive structures, and the first level of four-syllable idioms is combined or subject-predicate.The second level is more complicated. 6. 6 A large number of body words are not found in other literatures of the same period.The metaphorical meanings of human words in the World Theory include morphologic metaphorical meaning, location metaphorical meaning and functional metaphorical meaning.Metaphorical projection includes morphologic projection, positional projection and functional projection. The book attaches importance to the aesthetic of human body. The formation of its style is due to the metaphysics becoming the mainstream theory, the flourishing of Buddhism and the change of people's aesthetic concept.Innovation: pointed out some papers and monographs in the interpretation or analysis of improper, stated their views.For example, the time when the word "mouth talk" appeared; the exact interpretation of the words "firm foot" and "fork hand".It also adds several words and phrases that have not been collected in the Dictionary: "Fuqing, raise your hand, wind your collar and hair, put your clothes on your feet."It is pointed out that the "vision" and "black head public" in the big dictionary are too late to quote the literature.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H131

【参考文献】