汉语同语小句X是X的概念功能研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 03:00

本文选题：X是X同语小句 + 结构特点　；参考：《河南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以现代汉语中X是X这一典型同语小句为研究对象，比如说“男人是男人”、“敌人是敌人”、“一是一，二是二”等前后X成分一致的现象。这是汉语中颇具特色的一种句式，长期以来，很多语法、修辞学家对X是X同语小句在句法、语义和语用三个平面进行了大量的研究并取得了一定的成果，但是有些问题依然没有解决，比如:该小句是如何表现人们在现实世界中的各种经验和经历的？该小句的内部成分和整体功能是如何结合起来的？因此，我们认为有继续研究的必要。系统功能语言学将语言看作一个系统，认为语言的形式由功能决定，主张从功能入手研究语言本身，将形式与功能结合起来，这为研究X是X小句提供了新的视角。本文主要研究X是X同语小句中存在的概念功能是如何依靠具体的句法系统和内部结构得以实现的，并对其存在的意义进行进一步阐释，从而将语言形式本身与语言功能的研究有机结合起来。本文要讨论的X是X小句是指“是”前后使用相同词语构成的小句，这种小句可以单独成句，也可以对举连用，还可以作为复句的一个分句。是前可加上副词修饰语，组成“X+副词+是+X”小句。首先，本文从其定义、分类、句法属性、语义属性方面对X是X小句进行全面的分析。其次，本文探讨了X是X小句的概念功能。系统功能语言学认为概念功能包括经验功能和逻辑功能两个部分。经验功能反映客观世界和主观世界所发生的事、所牵涉的人和物以及与之有关的时间、地点等环境因素，经验功能最主要的表现形式就是及物性功能。韩礼德（1967）认为及物性是句子的属性。句子及物性的主要体现者是它的动词，但不是由它一方决定的，而是句子中各语义成分的所有及物性特征所表现出来的一种整体效应。逻辑功能指的是语言所具备的反映两个或两个以上语言单位之间逻辑语义关系的功能。通过分析发现X是X小句作为汉语中一个开放性很强的结构，许多词类及短语都可以进到该小句中，但它并不是对所有的X都开放，X是X小句有两种基本的结构义—强调和转折，结构义会对进入格式的X产生句法上的制约。及物性把人们在现实世界中的所见所闻、所作所为分成若干种“过程”，即将经验通过语法进行范畴化，，在这个系统中人们的主客观经验被解构成各种类型的过程。虽然X是X小句有着丰富的内涵意义，有时也可以独立成句，但在许多时候还是需要上下文提供信息支持，使表意更清楚明晰。因此，X是X小句常与补足句同时出现。X是X小句与补足句之间的关系大致可以分为三类：详述，延展和增强。正是因为X是X小句符合人们表意的需要，人们可以广泛使用该小句来表达在生活中的各种经验和经历。
[Abstract]:This paper takes X as a typical syntactic clause in modern Chinese, such as "man is a man", "enemy is an enemy", "one is one, two is two" and so on.This is a characteristic sentence pattern in Chinese. For a long time, many grammatical and rhetorical scholars have done a lot of research on X syntactic clause in syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects and obtained some achievements.However, some problems remain unresolved, such as: how does the clause express people's experiences and experiences in the real world?How does the internal component of the clause combine with its overall function?Therefore, we believe that there is a need to continue to study.The systemic functional linguistics regards language as a system, thinks that the form of language is decided by function, and advocates to study language itself from function, combining form with function, which provides a new angle of view for the study of X is X clause.This paper focuses on how the conceptual functions in X syntactic clauses are realized by specific syntactic systems and internal structures, and the meaning of their existence is further explained.Therefore, the study of language form itself and language function can be combined organically.The X clause to be discussed in this paper refers to the clause which is composed of the same words before and after "yes". This clause can be used as a single sentence, can also be used as a clause of a complex sentence.Can be added before the adverb modifier, form "X adverb is X" clause.First of all, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of X is an X clause from its definition, classification, syntactic attributes and semantic attributes.Secondly, this paper discusses the conceptual function of X-clause.System functional linguistics holds that conceptual function includes two parts: empirical function and logical function.The empirical function reflects what happens in the objective world and the subjective world, the people and things involved and the environmental factors such as time and place related to it. The most important manifestation of the empirical function is transitive function.Halliday Halliday (1967) thinks that transitivity is the attribute of sentence.The main embodiment of sentence and transitivity is its verb, but not by its side, but by the whole effect of all the semantic components and the characteristics of transitivity in the sentence.Logical function refers to the function of language which reflects the logical semantic relationship between two or more linguistic units.It is found by analysis that X clause is a very open structure in Chinese, and many parts of speech and phrases can be entered into the clause.However, it is not open to all X clauses. There are two basic structural meanings-emphasis and turning point.In this system, people's subjective and objective experiences are deconstructed into various types of processes.Although X clause has rich connotative meaning, sometimes it can be independent sentence, but in many cases, it still needs context to provide information support to make the meaning clearer and clearer.Therefore, the relationship between X clause and complement sentence can be divided into three categories: detail, extension and enhancement.Because X is an X clause that meets the needs of people, it can be widely used to express all kinds of experience and experience in life.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】