泛义动词“弄”、“干”、“做”的偏误分析与教学策略

发布时间：2018-04-20 22:13

本文选题：泛义动词 + “弄”　；参考：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：泛义动词是语义宽泛,可以替代许多具体动词的一类词,常用的泛义动词有“搞"、“打”、“弄”、“做”、“干”等。目前关于泛义动词的研究主要是集中在个案的分析描写上,尤其是对词义的历时的描写上,在个案研究中又主要集中在“打"和“搞"上,对“弄”、“干"、“做”研究较少,对于泛义动词在对外汉语教学中的研究更是甚少。在泛义动词的偏误分析方面鲜有学者涉及,有个别学者对“搞”、“打"进行对外汉语偏误分析,对“弄"、“干”等泛义动词的偏误分析尚未发现。但是泛义动词是第二语言学习者学习汉语的重点和难点,也是对外汉语词汇教学的重点和难点。在《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》中,“干"、“做"是甲级词汇,“弄”是乙级词汇,学生使用这几个动词的频率较高,但是笔者在对外汉语教学实践中发现,留学生对这几个词通常比较难以掌握,教师在向学生讲解这类词时,也较难以掌控。因此本文选取了泛义动词的典型代表“弄"、“干”、“做"来进行偏误分析,利用北京语言大学的汉语中介语语料库及笔者自行采集的华中师范大学国际文化交流学院留学生的作文作为语料,通过对语料的定量统计和定性分析来归纳这三个泛义动词的偏误类型,从教材与词典释义的影响、母语的负迁移、目的语的负迁移这三个方面来分析这几个动词产生偏误的原因,最后从教师与学生这两个角度来为这几个动词的对外汉语教学提出合理化教学建议,以求对对外汉语教学有所帮助。
[Abstract]:Universal verb is a kind of word which has broad meaning and can replace many concrete verbs. The commonly used universal verbs are "do", "hit", "make", "do", "dry" and so on. At present, the research on pan-meaning verbs is mainly focused on the analysis and description of individual cases, especially on the diachronic description of the meaning of words. In the case studies, the studies are mainly focused on "typing" and "doing", but less on "getting", "doing" and "doing". There is little research on universal verbs in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. There are few scholars involved in the analysis of the errors of the universal verbs. Some scholars analyze the errors of "do" and "hit" as a foreign language, and the analysis of the errors of the universal verbs such as "Nong" and "dry" have not been found yet. However, universal verbs are not only the key points and difficulties for second language learners to learn Chinese, but also the key points and difficulties for vocabulary teaching in TCFL. In the outline of Chinese level Vocabulary and Chinese characters, "dry" and "do" are Grade A words and "Nong" is Grade B words. The students use these verbs more frequently, but the author finds out in the teaching practice of Chinese as a Foreign language. Foreign students are often more difficult to master these words, and teachers are also more difficult to master when explaining them to their students. Therefore, this paper chooses the typical representative of pan-meaning verbs "Nong", "dry" and "do" to analyze the errors. Using the Chinese interlanguage corpus of Beijing language and language University and the composition of the foreign students of the International Cultural Exchange College of Central China normal University, which is collected by the author, as the corpus. Through the quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis of the corpus, this paper sums up the error types of the three universal verbs, from the influence of textbooks and dictionaries to the negative transfer of mother tongue. The negative transfer of the target language is used to analyze the causes of the errors in these verbs. Finally, from the perspectives of teachers and students, the author puts forward some reasonable teaching suggestions for the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. In order to help the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】