近代汉语“你这（个）NP”的多角度研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 09:48

本文选题：你这(个)NP + 这NP　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代汉语口语中,存在一种表示消极意义的习语构式“你这(个)NP”,在日常口语交际中,其功能多样,使用广泛,有很高的使用价值和鲜明的语义特点。本文着重描写了“你这(个)NP”构式在近代汉语的句法功能、句法结构、语义特征、语用特征,考察了“你这(个)NP”的形成和发展,其主要内容如下：第一部分引言综述了“你这(个)NP”的研究现状及本文的研究概况,并明确了本文的研究方法、语料来源和选题意义。第二部分从句法功能出发,对“你这(个)NP”的句法功能进行了静态层面的描写,发现“你这(个)NP”在近代汉语阶段可以作主语、宾语、兼语、主题语乃至单独成句。第三部分从句法结构出发,分别描写了指示代词、数量结构以及NP的结构特征,发现该结构主要用近指代词“这”,但明代出现了远指代词“那”的用例,清代消失。数量结构主要分为单数结构和复数结构,其中复数结构的表达与现代汉语存在较大差别。NP的类型主要有简单指称名词、定中短语、并列短语以及“的”字结构四类。第四部分从语义特征出发,描写了NP以及“你这(个)NP”的语义特征,认为NP和“你这(个)NP”主要以贬义用法为主,偶有表示纯定指和褒义用法。第五部分从语用特征出发,描写了“你这(个)NP”的语体特征,交际对象关系以及话语行为方式。发现“你这(个)NP”主要用于对话语体,交际对象关系主要是上对下,话语行为方式主要是詈骂的语气、动作等。第六部分考察了“你这(个)NP”的形成和发展,认为其来自于“这(个)NP”与“你个NP”整合,并且通过句式的独立与分化以及主观化过程,发展至现代汉语的非主谓句“你这(个)NP!”。第七部分为余论,总结了本文的主要研究观点和研究意义,提出了自己的创新点及不足。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese spoken language, there is an idiom "you", which expresses negative meaning. In daily oral communication, its functions are diverse, widely used, and have high use value and distinct semantic characteristics. This paper mainly describes the syntactic function, syntactic structure, semantic features and pragmatic features of "you" construction in modern Chinese, and examines the formation and development of "you". The main contents are as follows: The first part of the introduction summarizes the current research situation and the research situation of this article, and clarifies the research method, the source of the corpus and the significance of the topic. The second part describes the syntactic function of "you" on a static level, and finds that "you" can be used as subject, object, concurrent language, subject language and even single sentence in modern Chinese. The third part describes the demonstrative pronouns, the quantitative structures and the structural characteristics of NP respectively from the syntactic structure. It is found that the structure mainly uses the near-finger pronoun "this", but the use case of the distant pronoun "Na" appears in the Ming Dynasty and disappears in the Qing Dynasty. The quantitative structure is mainly divided into singular structure and plural structure, in which the expression of plural structure is quite different from that of modern Chinese. There are four types of NP: simple reference noun, definite middle phrase, juxtaposition phrase and "" word structure ". In the fourth part, we describe the semantic features of NP and "you", and think that NP and "you" are mainly derogatory and occasionally express pure definite and positive meanings. The fifth part describes the stylistic features, communicative object relationships and discourse behavior patterns of "you" from pragmatic features. It is found that "you" is mainly used for discourse body, the relation of communicative object is mainly from top to bottom, and the mode of discourse behavior is mainly swearing tone, action and so on. The sixth part examines the formation and development of "you", and thinks that it comes from the integration of "this" and "you NP", and through the process of independence, differentiation and subjectivization of sentence patterns. Develop to modern Chinese non-subject predicate sentence "you". The seventh part is the conclusion, summarizes the main research point and significance of this paper, and puts forward its own innovation points and shortcomings.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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