揣测类语气副词“X必”的词汇化与主观化

发布时间：2018-04-24 11:56

本文选题：揣测类语气副词 + 词汇化　；参考：《北方论丛》2014年01期

【摘要】：表示揣测的"X必"类语气副词"想必、势必、未必"均由跨层结构演变而来,分别表示必然、未必然的语气,成词时间为战国、东汉和宋代。三个词的词汇化过程均伴随有语法化,但具体过程不同:主观化程度的加强、韵步规律的制约,促成了"想必"的词汇化;第三人称代词"其"语法功能的改变则是"势必"词汇化的决定性条件;"未"特殊的语法意义及与"必"的高频共现促成了"未必"的词汇化。从主观性程度来看,从强到弱依次是:"未必"、"想必"、"势必"。
[Abstract]:The "X must" mood adverb, "presumably, necessarily, not necessarily", evolved from a cross-layer structure, indicating an inevitable, unnecessarily tone, and the time of its formation was the warring States, the Eastern Han and the Song dynasties. The process of lexicalization of the three words is accompanied by grammaticalization, but the concrete process is different: the enhancement of the subjective degree and the restriction of the law of rhyme and step have contributed to the lexicalization of "must be"; The change of the grammatical function of the third-person pronoun "its" is the decisive condition for the lexicalization of "inevitable", and the special grammatical meaning of "not" and the co-occurrence of the grammatical meaning with the high frequency of "necessity" contribute to the lexicalization of "not necessarily". In terms of subjectivity, the order from strong to weak is not necessarily, presumably, and necessarily.
【作者单位】：北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院;
【分类号】：H146

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