性别交际文化中两性话语的差异与趋同研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 13:04

本文选题：差异 + 趋同　；参考：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：从20世纪20年代开始,性别和语言的关系就一直被颇多语言学家所讨论。然而,直到20世纪60年代,性别语言才在社会语言学领域得到较系统的研究。在过去的几十年里,众多语言学家基于缺陷论、支配论和差异论等理论,主要致力于性别语言的差异研究。语言随着社会的发展而产生变化。主导性别语言研究的传统二元论已很难解释新的语言现象。在现代社会,两性话语呈现出明显的趋同态势,而建构论正为这一趋势提供了理论支撑。与传统的二元论相反,建构论认为性别可以通过一系列个人参与的社会活动所构建。本论文从性别交际文化视角出发,对两性话语的差异与趋同现象作了一次尝试性的研究。本文的会话语料均取材于一些具有代表性的电影、电视剧、小说及作者的日常观察,例如电视剧《老友记》(1994-2004)、《损友的美好时代》(2014),电影《和莎莫的500天》(2009)、《闰年》(2009)、《简爱》(1996)以及小说《傲慢与偏见》(1813)等。上述语料研究表明,两性话语既存在差异也存在趋同,因为生理性别和其他外界因素共同作用于两性话语。根据传统的观念和信条,社会对两性的行为有着不同的期望,这也体现在言语行为上。例如,在词汇和句法方面,女性在说话时更偏向于使用强化词、强感叹词、颜色词、反义疑问句、闪避词和礼貌用语等;在话语风格方面,男性在会话中更强调独立、权势和地位,而女性则追求亲密、同情和联系。然而除此之外,两性话语还有其他一些差异,比如两性在话题选择和言语策略方面的差异。这些显著的差异是由于生理原因、心理原因、不同的社会化过程和性别歧视造成的。然而,由于现代妇女的社会地位得到了显著提升,两性话语的差异逐渐缩小,趋同化态势日趋显现。本文中,两性话语的趋同主要体现在两性的话题管理和言语策略两方面。本文详述了造成两性话语趋同的四个原因,分别是女权运动的发展,教育的普及,中性现象的影响以及交际环境的改变。基于全文的分析,作者认为从性别交际文化角度深入研究两性话语的差异与趋同尤为必要,这不仅能够拓宽性别语言在语言学领域的研究方向,而且还能帮助我们加强人际联系,达到顺利有效的言语交际效果,最终促进社会和谐。
[Abstract]:Since the 1920s, the relationship between gender and language has been discussed by many linguists. However, it was not until the 1960 s that gender language was systematically studied in the field of sociolinguistics. In the past few decades, many linguists have focused on the study of gender differences based on the theories of defect theory, dominance theory and difference theory. Language changes with the development of society. The traditional dualism, which dominates the study of gender language, has been difficult to explain the new linguistic phenomenon. In modern society, gender discourse shows an obvious trend of convergence, and constructivism is providing theoretical support for this trend. Contrary to traditional dualism, constructivism holds that gender can be constructed through a series of social activities in which individuals participate. From the perspective of gender communication culture, this thesis makes a tentative study on the difference and convergence of gender discourse. The conversational corpus of this paper is drawn from some representative films, TV dramas, novels and the author's daily observations. For example, TV series Friends (1994-2004), "A good time of lost Friends" (2014), the movie "and Shammer's 500 days" (2009), "leap year" (2009), "Jane Eyre" (1996) and the novel "Pride and Prejudice" (1813). The above studies show that there are differences and convergences in gender discourse, because the physiological gender and other external factors act on the gender discourse. According to traditional concepts and creeds, society has different expectations for the behavior of both sexes, which is also reflected in speech acts. For example, in terms of vocabulary and syntax, women tend to use reinforcement words, strong interjections, color words, antithetical questions, evasive words and politeness when speaking. Power and status, while women seek intimacy, compassion, and connection. However, there are other differences in discourse, such as topic choice and speech strategies. These significant differences are due to physiological, psychological, different socialization processes and gender discrimination. However, as the social status of modern women has been significantly improved, the differences between the two sexes are gradually narrowed, and the trend of convergence is becoming more and more obvious. In this paper, the convergence of gender discourse is mainly reflected in two aspects: topic management and speech strategy. This paper describes the four reasons for the convergence of gender discourse, namely, the development of feminist movement, the popularization of education, the influence of neutral phenomena and the change of communication environment. Based on the analysis of the full text, the author thinks that it is necessary to study the difference and convergence of gender discourse from the perspective of gender communication culture, which can not only broaden the research direction of gender language in the field of linguistics. It can also help us to strengthen the interpersonal relationship, to achieve smooth and effective verbal communication, and ultimately to promote social harmony.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H030

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