话语语境中活性成分的认知研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 01:31

本文选题：认知语境 + 连贯的脉络　；参考：《西南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：语境作为语言学研究的重要概念之一,语言研究者们对它的研究贯穿于各个领域。对于语境在意义构建和意义理解中的重要地位的研究也很多。传统的语境观注重外部因素对于语境的影响,认为语境是一种静止的实体,先于交际而存在于人的大脑之中。随着认知科学的发展,学者们逐渐开始尝试从心理的角度对语境进行解释。而语境作为一个复杂抽象的概念,从成分上来讲是可分的。那么在意义构建的过程中,由于不同因素的影响,语境成分的活性根据激活度的不同有高低之分。由此本文将对话语中的活性成分进行研究,发现其中的激活机制。本文参考了连贯的脉络研究法,结合语境认知的研究,通过对话语的分析,找出话语语境成分是由语境中的激活因子激活的。根据显性连贯和隐性连贯的不同,激活因子相应地分为显性因子和隐性因子。另一方面来看,激活因子可以在不同的层次上激活语境成分,相应的激活因子可以分为单轨因子和多轨因子。因此语境成分活性高低就可以根据其激活因子不同来划分。同时本文进一步通过运算激活层次和激活深度运算出了语境成分活性的高低。之后,本文还反思研究了影响激活的各种因素,而这些因素也是相互动态的影响着成分的激活过程。本文共分为五章。第一章主要是介绍本文选题的原因,逻辑基础,相应的研究问题,意义以及文章的结构。第二章是本文的文献综述,通过对传统的语境的静态研究到认知语境发展的详细回顾,总结归纳出认知语境是说话者对世界和他心的认知描写的动态的在线构建。第三章具体介绍了语境成分的激活机制,语境成分根据激活因子的不同可以划分为三类：高活性成分,中活性成分和低活性成分。根据激活层次和深度的不同来运算活性。同时还反思了影响激活的因素,包括激活发生的时间地点,激活者的身份,知识,目的,身体状态,以及其他因素,如认知能力,他心的猜测能力,等等。第四章是将第三部分中的分析模式运用到一桩民事案件对话中活性成分的分析,以此来验证活性成分模式在意义构建和诠释过程中的解释力。第五章总结了本文的主要研究发现,不足之处以及研究前景。
[Abstract]:Context is one of the most important concepts in linguistic research. There are many studies on the importance of context in meaning construction and meaning understanding. The traditional view of context focuses on the influence of external factors on context. Context is a kind of static entity, which exists in the human brain before communication. With the development of cognitive science, scholars begin to try to explain the context from the psychological point of view. Context, as a complex and abstract concept, is divisible in terms of components. In the process of meaning construction, the activity of contextual components varies according to the activation degree due to the influence of different factors. Therefore, we will study the active components in discourse and find out the activation mechanism. Based on the study of coherence and context cognition, this paper finds out that the components of discourse context are activated by the activator of context. According to the difference of dominant coherence and recessive coherence, activation factors can be classified into dominant and recessive factors. On the other hand, activators can activate contextual components at different levels, and the corresponding activators can be divided into monorail factors and multi-track factors. Therefore, the level of contextual component activity can be divided according to its activator. At the same time, the activity of contextual components is calculated by calculating the level of activation and the depth of activation. After that, we also reflect on the various factors that affect the activation, and these factors affect the activation process of components dynamically. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the reason, the logic foundation, the corresponding research question, the significance and the structure of the article. The second chapter is the literature review of this paper, through the static study of the traditional context to a detailed review of the development of cognitive context, summed up that cognitive context is the speaker's cognitive description of the world and his heart of the dynamic online construction. Chapter three introduces the activation mechanism of contextual components, which can be divided into three categories according to different activators: high active components, middle active components and low active components. The activity is calculated according to the level and depth of activation. At the same time, we also reflect on the factors affecting activation, including the time and place of activation, the identity, knowledge, purpose, physical state of the activator, and other factors, such as cognitive ability, the ability of his heart to guess, and so on. The fourth chapter applies the analysis model of the third part to the analysis of the active components in a civil case dialogue to verify the explanatory power of the active component model in the process of meaning construction and interpretation. The fifth chapter summarizes the main research findings, deficiencies and research prospects.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H030

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