积极意义和消极意义的成对反义动词不对称现象研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 08:57

本文选题：消极意义和积极意义 + 反义动词　；参考：《南昌大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文选取表示积极意义和消极意义的成对反义动词为研究对象,从英汉两个角度进行成对反义动词的跨语言研究。文中详细考察了成对反义动词在词法、句法层面的不对称现象,并对造成成对反义动词不对称的原因,从语言内部和外部进行了深入的分析。成对反义动词在词法方面的不对称主要表现在构词总数不对称和使用频率不对称,句法方面的不对称主要表现在形容词使动用法不对称、动宾结构不对称和动补结构不对称等,其不对称的共性是各种不对称现象分别有它的特殊标记形式。成对反义动词缺损替换的方法有很多种,如“正面词”加否定式可以表达反面的意义,“反面词”加否定式可以表达折中的意义,反语策略也可以用“正面词”表示反面意义。英语成对反义动词也存在不对称性,语法规则的“实现性”和“具体性”对英语成对反义动词有着很大的影响,它们的不对称性常常表现在动词后面的宾语是不定式还是动名词。不对称现象能够让我们更好地认识反义词,也能引发我们对对外汉语反义词教学的教学思考。本文总结出了一些科学的教学原则和有效的教学方法,服务于具体的教学实践活动。
[Abstract]:In this paper, pairs of antisense verbs, which express positive and negative meanings, are selected as the research objects, and a cross-linguistic study of pairs of antisense verbs is carried out from both English and Chinese perspectives. In this paper, the asymmetry of pairs of antisense verbs at lexical and syntactic level is investigated in detail, and the causes of asymmetry of pairs of antisense verbs are analyzed from the internal and external aspects of the language. The asymmetries of pairs of antisense verbs in lexical aspect are mainly manifested in the asymmetry of the total number of words and the frequency of use, and in the syntactic aspects, such as the asymmetry of the use of adjectives, the asymmetry of verb-object structure and the asymmetry of move-complement structure, etc. The common character of asymmetry is that all kinds of asymmetric phenomena have their own special marking forms. There are many ways to replace pairs of antisense verbs, such as "positive words" plus negatives can express negative meanings, "negative words" plus negatives can express the meaning of compromise, and irony strategies can also use "positive words" to indicate negative meanings. There is also asymmetry in English pairs of antisense verbs, and the "realization" and "concreteness" of grammatical rules have a great influence on English pairs of antisense verbs. Their asymmetry is often reflected in whether the object after the verb is an infinitive or a gerund. Asymmetry can help us to understand antonyms better, and it can also lead us to think about teaching antonyms as a foreign language. This paper summarizes some scientific teaching principles and effective teaching methods to serve the specific teaching practice.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H314

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