汉语仿词修辞格的多维研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 01:09

本文选题：仿词 + 类型　；参考：《安徽大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：仿词修辞格古已有之,仿词的使用渗透到语言生活的方方面面,它不仅有效地美化了语言,提高了语言的表达效果,同时也作为一种造词手段,创造了大量的新词新语,因而备受学界关注。近些年关于仿词格的研究越来越多,也日趋深入,但是随着仿词的发展和变化,对于仿词的研究还有许多新的工作要做。本文在前人研究的基础上,拟从多个角度对仿词进行较为全面的研究,以探讨仿词的内部结构和外部关系。全文共有八章：第一章为仿词概述,主要对仿词定义的产生及发展演变进行了阐述,并结合当前使用情况概括出一个较为全面的定义,即“为了达到特定的语言效果或满足语言表达的需要,将现成词语中的某一部分语素进行更换,仿照原来词语的形式,并结合原词的意义类属造出新的词语”。同时本章分析了仿词的不同类型,从结构、语义、数量和形式四个方面将仿词进行了划分,并结合语料对每一个类型的仿词进行了阐释；第二章对仿词的特征进行了分析和论证,仿词的特殊性使得它具有能产性、仿造性、时代性和临时性。能产性源于仿词的构造方式以及便于人们接受的心理基础,是仿词在今天能够被大量接受和使用的重要原因。仿词是仿照被仿词创造出来的,因此它必然具有仿造性,仿造性是仿词最稳定的特征。仿词的产生基于一定的时代背景,时代发展对于词汇发展的需求使得仿词有机会成为一种重要的造词方式。仿词的时代性使得一部分仿词只在特殊时代背景中才有意义,脱离了该时代就会被淘汰,因此仿词又具有临时性；第三章从造词环境、心理基础和语言因素三个角度对仿词产生的原因进行了考察,社会环境的高速运转和宽松和谐给仿词提供了生成的土壤,类推、和谐、继承的心理基础是仿词产生的催化剂,各种语言的规律性因素是仿词发展必须遵循的原则；第四章结合融合空间理论和百科信息等认知语言学的理论知识对仿词的认知理论依据进行了阐述。融合空间理论的运行是依托四个空间展开的,两个输入空间、一个类属空间、一个融合空间,仿词的构造过程可以用融合空间理论进行阐释。仿词之所以能被构造出来,它需要人与人之间有一定的相通的知识储备,这样的创造才合情合理,才能够被大众所接受。这种在仿词过程中所构建起来的联系是基于人们所固有的百科信息,它为仿词的创造提供了必要的认知基础；第五章对仿词与拈连、飞白、移就和谐音双关等几类修辞格进行了辨析,仿词与这些修辞格在某些情况下的使用是较容易混淆的,这为人们对于不同辞格的理解和使用创造了障碍,该章通过定义阐述和例证分析阐述了它们之间的共同点,并分条对其区别进行了对比分析；第六章探讨了仿词的积极作用和消极影响,仿词在丰富词汇系统、增强老词缀构词能力、推动类词缀形成、扩大语素意义、预测语言发展趋势等方面都起着非常大的作用,但是它的使用便利性和能产性也可能为语言系统带来混乱,造成人们交流的障碍和偏差；第七章基于仿词的发展及其影响的考虑,提出了仿词的规范化设想,仿词的构造需要一定的原则支撑,并且涉及到仿项与被仿项两个要素,所以规范化工作要围绕这三个方面展开；第八章为结语,简要概括了全文的主要观点。
[Abstract]:The use of parody rhetoric has existed. The use of imitation words permeates all aspects of language life. It not only effectively beautifies language, improves the expression effect of language, but also creates a large number of new words and new words as a means of word making, which has attracted much attention from the academic circles. In recent years, more and more studies have been made about the imitation of words. However, with the development and change of imitation words, there are many new work to do on the research of imitation words. On the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a comprehensive study of imitation words from many angles, in order to explore the internal structure and external relations of imitation words. The full text has eight chapters:
The first chapter is a summary of the imitation words, which mainly expounds the generation and development of the definition of the imitation words, and generalizes a more comprehensive definition in connection with the current situation, that is, "in order to achieve a specific language effect or meet the needs of the language expression, a part of the morpheme of the ready-made word is replaced, like the form of the original word." At the same time, this chapter analyzes the different types of imitation words, divides the words from four aspects of structure, semantics, quantity and form, and interprets the imitation words of each type in combination with the corpus.
The second chapter analyses and demonstrates the characteristics of imitation words. The particularity of imitation words makes it capable of producing, imitating, epochal and temporary. It is an important reason that imitation words can be widely accepted and used today. The imitation words are created by imitation words. As a result, imitation is the most stable feature. Imitation is the most stable feature of imitation words. The generation of imitation words is based on a certain background of the times. The demand for the development of the words makes the imitation words have the opportunity to become an important form of word making. From this era, it will be eliminated, so the imitation words are temporary.
The third chapter examines the reasons for the production of imitation words from three aspects: the environment of word making, psychological foundation and language factors. The rapid operation of the social environment and the loose harmony provide the generated soil, analogy, harmony and the psychological basis of inheritance. The regularity factors of various languages must be followed by the development of imitation words. Principles to follow;
The fourth chapter expounds the cognitive theory basis of the cognitive linguistics, combining the theoretical knowledge of fusion space theory and encyclopedia information. The operation of the fusion space theory is based on four spaces, two input spaces, a class space, a fusion space, and an imitation word, which can be explained by the theory of fusion space. The reason why the imitation words can be constructed is to have a certain knowledge reserve between people and people. This kind of creation is reasonable and can be accepted by the public. This connection is based on people's inherent encyclopedia information, which provides the necessary cognitive basis for the creation of imitation words;
The fifth chapter makes an analysis of the rhetorical figures, such as the imitation words and the words of word, the white and the harmonious sound pun, which are easier to be confused in the use of these figures in some cases, which creates obstacles for people to understand and use different figures of speech. This chapter expounds the common points between them by definition and example analysis. The difference between them is compared and analyzed.
The sixth chapter discusses the positive and negative effects of imitation words. The imitation word plays a great role in enriching the vocabulary system, enhancing the ability of the old affixes, promoting the formation of the affixes, enlarging the morpheme meaning and predicting the development trend of the language, but its convenience and productivity may also bring confusion to the language system. The barriers and deviations of communication;
The seventh chapter, based on the development of imitation words and the consideration of their influence, puts forward the standardization of imitation words. The construction of imitation words needs certain principles, and involves two elements of imitation items and imitated items, so the standardization work should be carried out around these three aspects.
The eighth chapter is the conclusion, briefly summarizing the main points of the full text.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15

【参考文献】