彝汉双语者汉语加工模式和双语语义表征的ERP研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 03:16

本文选题：彝汉双语者 + 汉语加工模式　；参考：《西南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国少数民族学生一般熟练掌握两种语言,本民族语言和汉语。双语研究一直是心理学一个重要的研究领域。近年来少数民族双语者语言的认知特点,越来越受到心理学家的关注。已有的关注少数民族双语者的研究主要涉及维族、藏族和蒙古族三种少数民族。研究内容包括双语表征、语言联系方式、言语理解与言语产生的加工特点等。这些研究虽初见成效,却远未涉及针对其他少数民族的研究,我国民族语言丰富多样,大多都未得到应有的关注。关注少数民族双文化者的双语心理学研究,是对同一政体下,具有较大文化融合现象又不失独特民族语言文化特色的民族双语者的独特研讨。开展少数民族双语研究,不同于单文化双语者双语表征的研究。同时,少数民族双语的研究也是对双语研究领域重要的补充,也为双语研究提供更多的维度。而且,可以对少数民族的母语教学和汉语教学提供心理学的指导。彝族是我国少数民族之一,全国彝族人口约800万,主要分布在云南、四川、贵州省。彝语属汉藏语系缅藏语族彝语支。由于彝族人口分布较广,彝语的方言土语存在较大的分歧。据调查,可以分为六大方言：以贵州威宁、云南寻甸和禄劝彝语为代表的东部方言；以云南石屏彝语为代表的南部方言；以云南彝良、弥勒彝语为代表的东南部方言；以云南巍山彝语为代表的西部方言；以云南大姚彝语为代表的中部方言和以大小凉山彝语为代表的北部方言。目前熟练使用彝语(包括听、说、读、写)的彝族日益减少,大部分彝族对本民族语言仅保留熟练的听说能力,而丧失对彝文的读写能力。这一现状由于彝族的社会历史决定的。具备彝文读写能力的人主要有两种：一种是彝族毕摩。一种是现代彝语的学习研究者,包括民族语言专业的学生和老师。这些客观彝语言使用情况限制了实验心理学关于彝族文字研究深入的可能性。无论是毕摩还是彝语学习者都是少数群体,对实验被试的获得造成很大的难度。语言的能力包括对某种语言的听、说、读、写能力,调查发现大多数学生仅能完成彝语的听说任务,针对这一情况,本研究采取适宜的研究方式进行研究。本研究均选取四川大凉山的彝族学生为被试,确保语言研究的共通性,他们均保持熟练的彝语听说能力。本研究用事件相关电位技术,对彝汉双语者汉语加工模式和彝汉双语者语义表征分别进行研究。实验一通过视觉呈现方式逐词呈现句子为刺激材料,对句末词与语境匹配与不匹配两种语义条件下诱发的N400波进行研究,探讨彝汉双语者的汉语加工模式。结果表明,彝汉双语者的汉语加工模式与汉语单语者加工模式相似呈左半球偏侧化优势。对两半球差异波的显著性检验发现,额区、中央区、颞区差异均具有统计学意义。实验二,不同彝族汉族文化启动图片与不同目标语言(彝语和汉语)之间形成语义匹配与不匹配关系。以上启动条件通过视觉呈现,目标语言通过听觉呈现。对N400差异波的分析表明,双语者两种语言的语义是独立表征的。
[Abstract]:There are two kinds of language , native language and Chinese in the minority students of our country . The bilingual research has been an important research field in psychology . In recent years , the cognitive characteristics of the language of the minority bilingual person are more and more concerned with the psychologists . The research mainly involves the bilingual representation , the language contact , the speech understanding and the processing characteristics of the speech . The research contents include bilingual representation , language contact , speech understanding and processing characteristics of speech .

This paper focuses on the bilingual psychological research on the bilingual education of ethnic minorities . It is a unique study of the bilingual people of ethnic minorities under the same polity . It is also an important supplement to the bilingual study in the bilingual study of ethnic minorities , and provides more dimensions for bilingual research .

Yi nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in China . The population of Yi nationality is about 8 million , which is mainly distributed in Yunnan , Sichuan and Guizhou . Yi is the Yi branch of the Tibetan language of the Tibetan language of Han - Tibetan language . As the Yi people are widely distributed , there is a big difference in the dialect words of Yi . According to the investigation , there can be divided into six dialects : the eastern dialect represented by Guizhou Weining , Yunnan Xundian and Luquan Yi ;
Southern dialect represented by Yunnan Shiping Yi language ;
The dialect of southeast China represented by Yi - liang and Mamidal Yi in Yunnan Province ;
The western dialect represented by Yi language , Weishan , Yunnan ;
The middle dialect represented by YAO Yi , Yunnan Province , and the northern dialect represented by Yi Yi , Da Xiao Shan .

The Yi people who are skilled in the use of Yi language ( including listening , speaking , reading and writing ) have gradually decreased , and most Yi people have lost their ability to read and write the Yi language only by retaining skilled listening and speaking ability to the national language . The present situation has limited the possibility of the study of Yi people .

This paper studies the Chinese processing model of Yi - Chinese bilingual and the semantic representation of Yi - Chinese bilinguals by using the event - related potential technique .

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B842.5;H0-05

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