英汉社交指示语中的礼貌原则对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 22:27

本文选题：礼貌原则 + 社交指示语　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：社交指示语是人际交流参与者之间社会差别的指示物,尤其是它揭示了说话者与听话者之间或是说话者与其他被涉及到的人之间的社会关系。它凸显了说话人与听话人之间的相对社会地位并反映出了不同的文化背景。社交指示语蕴含了说话者对听话者的态度。它能帮助我们正确的理解话语。社交指示语主要是由自然语言中的人称代词,称谓语(比如：亲属称谓、敬语和自谦语),不同的文体,不同的词汇形式和语法形式构成。礼貌在不同的文化当中有不同的诠释。其最普遍的特点是,礼貌是一种被说不同语言的人和拥有不同文化的人所普遍认同的概念：它存在于人类所有的互动活动中。它能够帮助维持人际关系并增进彼此感情。中国的学者倾向于强调礼貌与社会以及道德价值观的结合。而西方学者则倾向于视礼貌为一种避免冒犯行为和保持社交距离的方式,并将其看作是人际关系的润滑剂以此来减少人际摩擦。这种差异是由于中西方学者之间不同的文化背景所造成的。近年来,许多人从语用学的角度对人际交流中的语言现象进行研究。本文试图运用礼貌原则来分析研究文学作品、影视作品以及现实生活人物对话中的社交指示语。通过对中英社交指示语中的礼貌原则进行对比研究,找出中英文社交中礼貌原则应用的差异。本文,通过对比研究中英社交指示语中的礼貌原则,发现在各种社交语境下,中英社交指示语所遵循的礼貌原则有很大差别。中文社交指示语趋向于选用间接的礼貌策略,同时会大量选用贬低自我的礼貌原则,尽量抬高听话者的地位,降低说话者自己的地位。而英文社交指示语趋向于选择直接的礼貌策略,同时几乎不会选用贬低自我的礼貌原则,但有时会选择使用谦虚的原则。通过本文对社交指示语中的礼貌原则对比研究所得出的结论,可以对礼貌原则在言语交际中的应用起到很好的指导作用。
[Abstract]:Social deixis is an indicator of social differences between participants in interpersonal communication, especially it reveals the social relationship between the speaker and the speaker or the speaker and other people involved. It highlights the relative social status between the speaker and the hearer and reflects the different cultural background. It contains the speaker's attitude to the listener. It helps us to understand the words correctly. The social deixis mainly consists of the personal pronouns in the natural language, the appellations (such as kinship appellations, honorific and self humility), different stylistics, different lexical and grammatical forms.
Politeness has different interpretations in different cultures. The most common feature is that politeness is a concept commonly recognized by people speaking different languages and people with different cultures: it exists in all human interactions. It can help to maintain relationships and enhance mutual affection. Chinese scholars tend to emphasize ritual. Western scholars tend to view politeness as a way to avoid offense and maintain social distance, and regard it as a lubricant for interpersonal relationships to reduce interpersonal friction. This difference is caused by different cultural backgrounds between Chinese and Western scholars.
In recent years, many people have studied the linguistic phenomena in interpersonal communication from the perspective of pragmatics. This paper tries to use the politeness principle to analyze and study the social deixis in the dialogue between literary works, film and television and real life characters. The difference in the application of the politeness principle.
In this paper, by comparing the politeness principles in Chinese and English social deixis, it is found that there are great differences in the politeness principles of the Chinese and English social deixis in various social contexts. Chinese social deixis tend to choose indirect politeness strategies, and they will choose a lot of politeness principles that degrade self, and try to raise the position of the listeners as much as possible. The English social deixis tends to choose the direct politeness strategy, and it will hardly choose the politeness principle of degrading self, but sometimes it chooses to use the modesty principle. Through the conclusion of the politeness principle in the social deixis, the politeness principle can be used in verbal communication. The application plays a very good guiding role.

【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H313

【参考文献】