《国语辞典》和《现代汉语词典》常用多义动词义项处理对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 00:21

本文选题：词典 + 常用多义动词　；参考：《鲁东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《国语辞典》和《现代汉语词典》是公认的具有极大影响的解释现代汉语的词典。《国语辞典》反映了我国自国语运动和白话文运动爆发以来，将近三十年的现代汉语词典编纂及词典释义水平；《现代汉语词典》（试印本）代表了建国之初将近二十年的现代汉语词典编纂及词典释义水平；《现代汉语词典》（第六版）则是改革开放以来我国现代汉语词典编纂的代表。本文主要从四个部分来对《国语辞典》和《现代汉语词典》中的常用多义动词来进行研究。第一部分绪论首先说明了本文研究对象的界定，同时概括介绍了本文所要涉及到的研究主体的研究现状。第二部分主要从两个方面来展开研究。一个是常用多义动词义项处理的变化主要表现在四个方面：（一）义项的增加，主要包括原义项的拆分和新义项的增加；（二）义项的减少，主要包括原义项的合并和原义项的删减；（三）义项的继承；（四）义项处理变化的特殊类型——同音同形词。另一个是分析常用多义动词义项处理变化产生的原因，包括词义演变的原因、辞书的性质、体例规范的原因以及词汇学理论发展的原因等等。第三部分着重探讨了《国语辞典》和《现代汉语词典》常用多义动词语义格分类，以及语义格的变化给三本词典义项处理变化带来的影响，主要包括宏观和微观两个层面。三本词典常用多义动词语义格主要包括施事格、当事格、受事格、客事格、结果格、与事格、同事格、数量格、方式格、范围格、处所格、原因格和目的格等。语义格变化给词典义项处理带来的变化主要体现在宏观和微观两个层面，即义项分合和同一义项信息变化方面。第四部分结语主要概括了论文研究所得出的主要结论。另外指出，，语义格理论的运用将有助于词典编纂中的义项处理。本文对《国语辞典》和《现代汉语词典》（试印本、第六版）常用多义动词义项处理变化的研究，或有助于词典编纂在义项处理方面的实践。三本词典常用多义动词义项变化的差异在某程度上反映了近百年来现代汉语词汇的发展变化。
[Abstract]:The Mandarin Dictionary and the Modern Chinese Dictionary are generally accepted dictionaries that have great influence on the interpretation of modern Chinese. The Guoyu Dictionary reflects the emergence of the Mandarin language Movement and the vernacular Chinese Movement in China. The level of compilation and interpretation of modern Chinese dictionaries for nearly 30 years; the Modern Chinese Dictionary (try print) represents the level of compilation and interpretation of modern Chinese dictionaries from the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China; the Modern Chinese Dictionary The sixth edition is the representative of modern Chinese dictionary compilation since the reform and opening up. This paper studies the polysemous verbs in Mandarin Dictionary and Modern Chinese Dictionary. The first part of the introduction explains the definition of the object of this study, and introduces the research status quo of the research subject involved in this paper. The second part mainly carries out the research from two aspects. One is that the changes in the processing of meanings of common polysemous verbs are mainly manifested in four aspects: (1) the increase of meanings, mainly including the split of original items and the increase of new meanings, (2) the decrease of meanings. It mainly includes the merging of the original meaning and the deletion of the original meaning (3) the inheritance of the meaning and (4) the special type of homonym and homonym. The other is to analyze the causes of the changes in the meaning of polysemous verbs, including the evolution of the meaning of words, the nature of the dictionary, the reasons for the norms of style and the reasons for the development of lexicological theory, and so on. The third part focuses on the semantic case classification of polysemous verbs in Mandarin Dictionary and Modern Chinese Dictionary, and the influence of semantic case changes on the meaning processing of the three dictionaries, including macro and micro levels. The semantic case of polysemous verbs used in three dictionaries mainly includes agent case, party case, patient case, guest case, result case, colleague case, quantitative case, mode case, scope case, locative case, reason case and destination case, etc. The change of semantic case brings about the change of lexical meaning processing mainly at the macro and micro levels, that is, the combination of meaning and the change of information of the same meaning. The conclusion of the fourth part summarizes the main conclusions of the thesis. In addition, it is pointed out that the application of semantic lattice theory will be helpful to the processing of meanings in lexicography. This paper makes a study of the changes in the meaning processing of polysemous verbs in common use in Mandarin Dictionary and Modern Chinese Dictionary (try print, sixth Edition), which may be helpful to the practice of lexicography in the aspect of meaning processing. The differences in the meanings of polysemous verbs used in the three dictionaries reflect, to some extent, the development and changes of modern Chinese vocabulary in the last hundred years.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H164;H136

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