《六合丛谈》新词研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 19:13

本文选题：六合丛谈 + 结构新词　；参考：《浙江财经学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以《六合丛谈》中的新词为主要研究对象。作为由西方传教士主编的中国本土第一本近代报刊，《六合丛谈》的词汇系统有着鲜明的时代特色，为迎合新事物新概念的大量涌入，新词被源源不断的创造出来，这些新词既与古代汉语一脉相承，又受到了外来特别是西方的影响。新词主要有两类，即新词形和新词义。本文将从这两个方面论述《六合丛谈》新词在汉语词汇史上的重要地位。首先，我们对“新词”及其相关概念进行界定，理清各种概念之间的关系。同时，对新词产生由来及途径进行了简单概括。其次，我们从“新词形”和“新词义”两个方面来分别探讨《六合丛谈》中的新词。对于新词形，我们称之为“结构新词”，即在《六合丛谈》所发行年代新出现的词。根据其产生的影响因素不同，可分为“本土结构新词”和“域外结构新词”。在此基础上，我们整理出其各自的特点。这些结构新词不仅为我们提供了大量的科学术语，是沟通我们与近代以后的新知识的媒介；而且，它们的出现为汉语词汇的进一步发展准备了一批造词成分和造词模式；我们认为这些结构新词在横向上大大增加了汉语词汇的数量。对于新词义，我们称之为“语义新词”，即旧有的词被赋予了新意义。这种词可分为两类：一是古无其义，即在《六合丛谈》年代才开始衍生出的新的义项。二是古有其义，但在很长一段时间不见或很少见到，在近代又重新“复活”的词。我们认为这些近代语义新词在连结古今词义系统中，起到了承上启下的作用，是一个重要的过渡阶段；换言之，，语义新词在纵向上大大扩展了汉语词汇的容量。结构新词和语义新词从汉语词汇的数量和容量两个方面共同作用于现代汉语词汇的形成。综上所述，《六合丛谈》中的新词上承古代汉语，对古代汉语词汇既有继承又有发展；下启现代汉语，对现代汉语词汇系统的形成起到了不可磨灭的作用。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the neologisms in Liu he cluster. As the first modern newspaper in China, edited by western missionaries, the lexical system of Liu he Cong Troupe has distinctive characteristics of the times. In order to cater to the influx of new things and new concepts, new words have been continuously created. These new words are not only inherited from ancient Chinese, but also influenced by the outside, especially the West. There are two main types of neologisms, namely, the form of new words and the meaning of new words. This paper discusses the important position of neologisms in the history of Chinese vocabulary from these two aspects. First, we define neologism and its related concepts and clarify the relationship between them. At the same time, the origin and approach of neologism are briefly summarized. Secondly, we discuss the new words from the two aspects of "New word form" and "New word meaning". For neologisms, we call them "structural neologisms", that is, the new words that appeared in the time of the publication of "six Hezuo". According to its influence factors, it can be divided into "native structural neologisms" and "extraterritorial structural neologisms". On this basis, we sort out their respective characteristics. These structural neologisms not only provide us with a large number of scientific terms, but also serve as a medium for the communication between us and the new knowledge after modern times, and their emergence prepares a number of word-making elements and word-making patterns for the further development of Chinese vocabulary. We think these structural neologisms greatly increase the number of Chinese words. For the meaning of new words, we call them "semantic neologisms", that is, old words are given new meanings. This kind of word can be divided into two categories: one is that the ancient word has no meaning, that is, the new meaning that began to derive in the years of "six Headows". Second, the ancient times have their meaning, but in a long period of time or rarely seen, in modern times again "resurrection" word. We believe that these modern semantic neologisms play an important transitional stage in connecting ancient and modern word meaning systems, which is an important transitional stage. In other words, semantic neologisms have greatly expanded the capacity of Chinese vocabulary vertically. Structural neologisms and semantic neologisms play an important role in the formation of modern Chinese words in terms of the number and capacity of Chinese words. To sum up, the new words in Liuhe Cong are inherited and developed from ancient Chinese vocabulary, and the formation of modern Chinese vocabulary system is indelible.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H134

【参考文献】