“不就X（吗）？”构式研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 05:18

本文选题：“不就X(吗)” + 构式义　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：“不就X(吗)?”构式作为现代汉语中的常用表达式,使用频率非常之高,但学界对这一构式研究尚不足。本文以三个平面理论为指导,综合运用构式语法、语法化等理论,从构式的构成、语义语用以及和相关构式的比较、历时发展几个方面进行了分析。论文共分六章：第一章：绪论。主要明确了本文的研究对象,评述了前人研究,点明了研究意义及创新之处,并对研究方法和语料来源作了说明。第二章：构式的构成分析。分别描写了构式中的常项“就”和参项“X”。构式中的“就”表“随即”义和“确定、限定”义,具有“衔接-限控”功能；“X”句法成分为NP、VP或者X省略,表“达成”义和“归属”义。第三章：构式语义语用分析。“不就X(吗)?”构式是一个“图形—背景”的凸显模式,其构式义为：言说者以否定的方式主观强调一个肯定的意思,即认定某事达成的顺畅性或某事/物归属的可限性。“不就X(吗)?”是反问构式,理据在“就”是定量副词,“就X”是有界成分,因而对“不就X”发问能实现语义反转。构式表反问的根因在于发话人认为受话人对“就X”不及自己反映明晰,即有比差,而差值的大小决定反问度的强弱。构式的基本功能是提高信息明晰度,具体语境中用来表达程度不等的负面事理立场。第四章：和相关构式的比较。将其和“不是X(吗)?”“不是就X(吗)?”“不就是X(吗)?”比较,在语料的基础上分析得出构式中的“不”就是个否定副词,否定了前人研究的脱落“是”,隐含“是”,添加“是”的几种说法。“不就X(吗)?”包含“不就是X(吗)?”,是“不X(吗)?”类反问中分出的一类特定的与“不是X(吗)?”类反问平级的否定反问构式。第五章：构式历时分析。“不就X(吗)?”是“就X”进入先秦就已形成的“不X?”反问句模整合而成,在明代产生“不就是NP/VP(吗)?”,在清代、民国发展并逐渐成熟。由“不就是X(吗)?”中“就是”的虚化语法化出“不就X(吗)?”是一条发展路径；“就”的发展、与“X”的结合进入“不X(吗)?”本身是一条且是主要的一条发展路径。发展早期“岂、可、还”等的配合表达、“不就X”否定陈述有限度的发展是影响构式凝固度的两个方面。第六章：结语。对论文前五章所做的研究进行归纳和总结。
[Abstract]:"No, just X?" As a common expression in modern Chinese, construction is used very frequently, but the academic research on it is still insufficient. Under the guidance of three plane theories, this paper makes an analysis of the structure, semantic pragmatics and diachronic development in terms of construction composition, semantic pragmatics and the comparison of relevant constructions with the use of the theories of construction grammar and grammaticalization. The thesis is divided into six chapters: Chapter one: introduction. This paper mainly clarifies the research object of this paper, reviews the previous studies, points out the significance and innovation of the research, and explains the research methods and the source of the corpus. The second chapter: the constitution analysis. The constant term "on" and the parameter term "X" in the construction are described respectively. The syntactic components of "X" are NPVP or X ellipsis, and the form achieves "meaning" and "attribution". Chapter three: construction semantic pragmatic analysis. "No, just X?" The construction is a prominent pattern of "graph-background", which means that the speaker, in a negative way, subjectively emphasizes a positive meaning, that is, to determine the smoothness of the achievement of something or the limitation of the attribution of something / thing. "No, just X?" The argument is a quantitative adverb, and the "X" is a bounded component. Therefore, the semantic reversal can be realized by asking a question about "not asking about X". The root cause of the reverse question is that the speaker thinks that the speaker does not reflect X clearly, that is, there is a ratio difference, and the magnitude of the difference determines the intensity of the question. The basic function of construction is to improve the clarity of information. Chapter four: the comparison with the related constructions. Put it and "isn't it X?" "isn't it just the Xs?" "isn't it X?" On the basis of data analysis, it is concluded that the "no" in the construction is a negative adverb, which negates the exfoliation "yes", the implicit "yes", and the adding "yes" of previous studies. "No, just X?" Contains "is not Xan?" is "No Xs?" A class of specific and "are not Xs?" Negative inverse Constructions of a Class of inverse problems. Chapter five: construction diachronic analysis. "No, just X?" Is "X" into the pre-Qin Dynasty has formed the "not X?" In the Ming Dynasty, "is not NPR / VP?" and in the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China developed and gradually matured. "isn't it X?" In the "is" grammaticalization of the "not on the Xu?" Is a path of development; "on" development, and "X" into the "not X"? Itself is a and the main path of development. In the early stage of development, "can, still", "not on X" negation statement has limited development is the two aspects that influence the solidification degree of the construction. Chapter six: conclusion. The first five chapters of the paper are summarized and summarized.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】