汉语反复问句的历时研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 06:30

本文选题：反复问句 + 起源　；参考：《武汉大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：本文分别描写远古时期、春秋战国时期、秦汉时期、魏晋南北朝时期、隋唐五代、宋元时期、明清时期等各个不同历史时期的反复问句的使用情况,探讨了反复问句的起源与历史发展所蕴含的语言学理论问题。最先出现正反项带语气词、正反项之间带关联词的"VP-Neg-VP"式反复问句,然后才出现"VP-Neg"式反复问句。远占时期"VP-Neg-VP"式反复问句占优势地位,"VP-Neg"式反复问句用例较少。春秋战国时期至唐代以前,反复问句以"VP-Neg"式为主,"VP-Neg-VP"式用例较少,两种类型对比悬殊。唐代以后,"VP-Neg-VP"式反复问句逐渐增加,但"VP-Neg"式仍占据主要地位。元明清时期"VP-Neg-VP"式反复问句所占比例明显增加,同时"VP-Neg"式句末出现新的否定词。反复问句起源于甲骨文中正反对贞的卜辞。反复问句的基本结构形式——正反并列结构还可用于陈述句,该结构体具有多种句法功能。"VP-Neg"式反复问句末尾的Neg除了“无”由于语音演变虚化为语气词以外,“不”、“未”等否定词并未虚化,“无”由否定词虚化为语气词是汉语史上语音变化促使新的语法成分产生的一种表现。
[Abstract]:This paper describes the use of repeated questions in the ancient times, the Spring and Autumn period, the warring States period, the Qin and Han dynasties, the Wei, Jin, the Southern and Northern dynasties, the Sui, Tang and five dynasties, the Song and Yuan dynasties, the Ming and Qing dynasties, and so on. This paper probes into the linguistic theories of the origin and historical development of repeated question sentences. "VP-Neg-VP" repeated questions with positive and negative items, and "VP-Neg" repeated questions with related words between positive and negative items appeared first. In the period of far occupation, "VP-Neg-VP" repeated question was dominant, and "VP-Neg" repeated question was less. During the Spring and Autumn period to the Tang Dynasty, the repeated question sentences were mainly "VP-Neg" type, and "VP-Neg-VP" type use cases were less, the two types were contrasting greatly. After the Tang Dynasty, the "VP-Neg-VP" repeated questions gradually increased, but the "VP-Neg" style still occupied the main position. In Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the proportion of "VP-Neg-VP" repeated questions increased obviously, and new negative words appeared at the end of "VP-Neg" sentences. Repeated questions originated from the oracle bone inscriptions, which were opposed to Zhen. The basic structural form of repeated question-positive and negative parallel structure can also be used for declarative sentences. This structure has many syntactic functions. The Neg at the end of "VP-Neg" repeated questions is not only "nil", but also "no" because of phonetic evolution. The negative words such as "Wu" are not empty, and "none" is a kind of expression that the phonetic changes in the history of Chinese make the new grammatical elements come into being.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H14

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