中国庭审话语的批评话语分析研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 10:25

本文选题：法庭话语 + 批评话语分析　；参考：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：法庭话语是一种特殊的机构话语，反映了庭审各主体之间由于社会地位、教育背景、法律知识、话语技巧等因素而产生的权力关系不对称。近年来，随着法律语言学的兴起，很多学者将目光放在了法庭审判的语言活动上，但用语言学方法来系统描述庭审主体及其话语特征、言语行为和目的的研究仍然较为缺乏。国外研究虽有重要参考价值，但由于语言和法律体系的不同，并不能完全照搬。因此，本文在充分借鉴前人研究成功的基础上，从批评话语分析的角度，通过分析微观的法庭话语的语言细节，描述了中国庭审各主体的话语权力和话语策略，试图揭示其背后隐藏的权力关系和意识形态，并对中国司法改革提出相应的建议。本文根据批评话语分析的基本原则和方法论，通过分析八场法庭审判（四场刑事、四场民事）中的语料，发现庭审中的权势主体（法官、检察官、律师）由于具备较高的社会地位及丰富的法律知识，，总是试图对法庭话语的话题和进程进行控制，以达到自己的话语目的；同时，庭审中的弱势主体（原告、被告、证人）并非对此无能为力，通过合适的话语策略，弱势者能够抵制强势者的话语控制，并且尝试在某种程度上对法庭话语进行控制。因此，庭审各主体间不对称的权力关系是通过法庭话语来实现和维护的，而这一不对称的权力关系又反过来影响法庭话语的内容和方式。在中国的司法改革进程中，法庭话语是实现司法正义不可或缺的一环；因此，从微观话语细节来分析和揭示我国法庭审判的模式和现状是很有必有的。从语言学角度了解和认识到隐藏在法庭话语背后的意识形态及权力关系，就为提出相应的司法改革建议并最终实现司法正义，提供了切实可行的前提和基础。
[Abstract]:Court discourse is a special kind of institutional discourse, which reflects the asymmetry of power relations between the subjects of trial due to social status, educational background, legal knowledge, discourse skills and so on. In recent years, with the rise of forensic linguistics, many scholars have focused on the language activities of court trial, but the linguistic method is used to systematically describe the trial subject and its discourse characteristics, and the study of speech act and purpose is still lacking. Although the study abroad has important reference value, it can not be completely copied because of the difference of language and legal system. Therefore, on the basis of the success of previous studies, this paper, from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, describes the discourse power and discourse strategy of Chinese trial subjects by analyzing the language details of microcosmic court discourse. This paper tries to reveal the hidden power relationship and ideology behind it, and puts forward corresponding suggestions to China's judicial reform. According to the basic principles and methodology of critical discourse analysis, this paper analyzes the corpus of eight court trials (four criminal, four civil), and finds out the powerful subjects (judges, prosecutors) in the trial. Because of their high social status and rich legal knowledge, they always try to control the topic and process of the court discourse in order to achieve their own purpose; at the same time, the vulnerable subjects in the trial (plaintiff, defendant, Witness) is not powerless, through the appropriate discourse strategy, the weak can resist the strong discourse control, and try to control the court discourse to some extent. Therefore, the asymmetric power relationship among the subjects in the trial is realized and maintained through the court discourse, which in turn affects the content and the way of the court discourse. In the process of judicial reform in China, court discourse is an indispensable part in the realization of judicial justice; therefore, it is necessary to analyze and reveal the pattern and present situation of court trial in China from the micro discourse details. Understanding and recognizing the ideology and power relationship hidden behind the court discourse from the linguistic point of view provides a practical premise and foundation for putting forward the corresponding judicial reform proposals and finally realizing the judicial justice.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D926.2;H136

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