留学生汉语建议类使令语应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 23:27

本文选题：建议类使令语 + 建议形式及策略　；参考：《华东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉语建议类使令语是一种常见的语用行为,介于请求和要求之间,以利他性和选择自由度为主要特征。本文以中高级汉语学习者为主要研究对象,以中国人为参照对象,通过选择性调查、话语补充调查和个别访谈,研究了留学生汉语建议类使令语的应用及调控情况。本文的主要内容包括一下几个方面： (1)梳理汉语建议类使令语的形式结构、策略类型和功能层次 (2)总结影响汉语建议类使令语使用的情境因素,比较不同类型人群受情境因素影响的特点 (3)分析不同语言水平、不同文化背景的留学生对汉语建议类使令语的形式结构和策略类型使用的情况 (4)分析取效调控的实质和不同调控手段,总结行事效果的不同侧面 (5)分析不同语言水平、不同文化背景的留学生对汉语建议类使令语的取效调控和行事效果情况本文的主要成果包括： (1)情境因素对不同人群的影响有所差异,亚洲学生总体比欧美学生受影响更大,女性倾向于被“人”的因素影响,男性倾向于被“物”的因素影响。在影响使令语使用的总体程度上：主体关系事物情态心理因素。在受影响的总体程度上：亚洲女性亚洲男性欧美女性欧美男性。 (2)不同语言水平和文化背景的留学生在建议使令语的形式和策略使用上差异较大。高级学生比中级学生更准确、合适,也具备一定丰富性。亚洲学生较欧美学生更倾向于用间接的方式表达建议。在整体上,留学生较中国人更倾向于表达主观看法和描述客观事实,对于对方的想法和潜在的结果不太在意。 (3)各种建议策略中,直接与间接策略相结合的行事效果最佳。直接策略中询问需求、条件和意愿,间接策略中提出假设和承诺的成功率最高,最易为人接受。句类方面,陈述句和疑问句的效果好于祈使句。不同情境因素下的行为、言语和态度顺应度也有所不同。 (4)留学生使用建议使令语的行事效果一般,面对不同对象、不同环境、不同使令内容,其成功率相差很大。多数留学生能够在发出建议,或在沟通中进行一定的取效调控,但调控力度掌握不佳,过度“要求化”和“请求化”的情况时有发生。语言水平的提高能在一定程度上促进语用水平的提高。 (5)在教学建议方面,留学生希望能够加强对常用句型和语气语调的学习,同时希望在课堂上操练提建议的日常对话,并了解中国式文化和思维方式。
[Abstract]:As a common pragmatic behavior, Chinese suggestion is a kind of pragmatic behavior, which lies between request and request, and is mainly characterized by altruism and freedom of choice. This paper takes middle and advanced Chinese learners as the main research object and Chinese as the reference object. Through selective investigation, discourse supplement investigation and individual interviews, this paper studies the application and regulation of the Chinese suggestion language for foreign students. The main contents of this article include the following: (1) combing the formal structure, strategy types and functional levels of the Chinese suggestions (2) to summarize the situational factors that influence the use of Chinese advice, and to compare the characteristics of different types of people affected by situational factors. (3) to analyze the use of the formal structure and strategy types of Chinese advice by foreign students with different language levels and different cultural backgrounds. (4) analyze the essence and different means of effective regulation, and summarize the different aspects of the effect. (5) analyzing the effect and effect of foreign students from different language levels and different cultural backgrounds on the effect of Chinese advice. The main achievements of this paper include: 1) the influence of situational factors on different population groups is different. Asian students are more affected than European and American students in general, women tend to be influenced by "human" factors, and men tend to be influenced by "things". In the general degree of influence on the use of Ling-Linguistics: the subjective relationship between things modal psychological factors. The overall extent of the impact: Asian women, Asian men, Asian women, European and American men. (2) students from different language levels and cultural backgrounds have great differences in the form and strategy of Ling language. Senior students are more accurate, appropriate and have a certain richness than intermediate students. Asian students tend to express their suggestions indirectly than European and American students. On the whole, foreign students tend to express their subjective views and describe objective facts more often than Chinese students, and they do not care much about each other's thoughts and potential results. Among the various suggested strategies, direct and indirect strategies work best. In direct strategy, demand, condition and will are asked. In indirect strategy, hypothesis and commitment are the most successful and most acceptable. In terms of sentence types, declarative and interrogative sentences are more effective than imperative sentences. The behavior, speech and attitude compliance of different situational factors are different. 4) the use of advice by foreign students makes the effect of Ling language average, and the success rate varies greatly in the face of different objects, different environments and different contents. Most foreign students can make some effective adjustment and control in the course of giving out suggestions or communicating, but the control force is not good, and excessive "demand" and "request" occur from time to time. To a certain extent, the improvement of language proficiency can promote the improvement of pragmatic level. In the aspect of teaching advice, the foreign students hope to strengthen the study of common sentence patterns and tone and intonation, and practice the daily dialogue of advice in class, and understand the Chinese culture and mode of thinking.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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