拉祜语述补结构研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 23:17

本文选题：拉祜语 + 述补结构　；参考：《云南民族大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：述补结构是对动作行为以及认知评价的一种表达形式。拉祜语中述补结构使用频率高，是极富有生命力的句法结构之一。目前，对于拉祜语述补结构尚未有系统地研究，但散见于简志和一些论著中。本文在汉藏语系述补结构研究基础上，对拉祜语述补结构进行较为系统地描写与分析，力求描写解释其语义、结构类型，并指出其语法化来源及机制。全文共分为五大部分。 “引言”主要介绍了拉祜语述补结构研究现状以及本文研究方法、语料来源、研究理论和研究意义。第一、二章是文章的第二大部分，是关于拉祜语述补结构语义的研究。第一章主要研究拉祜语述补结构的语义类型。从语义角度，，拉祜语述补结构可以分为述结式、述程式、述趋式、述状式、可能式、述量式、“ɡa31”类述补结构，共7类，各类各有其特点。每一个词作补语时，充当语义类型的能力也不尽相同，有的比较单一，有的一兼数类，而有些则可能与不同补语类型连用或嵌套。第二章则对拉祜语述补结构的语义指向与配价进行研究。补语语义指向，与述语的语义相关度有关。拉祜语述补结构的价数有一价、二价、三价，但述补结构的价数，与述语、补语的配价没有必然的联系，也不是二者配价之和。第三章从结构角度对拉祜语述补结构进行了研究。根据拉祜语述补结构类型是否带有补语标记“ve33”，而分为粘着型和组合型两种。两种结构类型分布不同，而且语义类型与结构形式之间并没有必然的搭配。同时，文章也分析了补语标记“ve33”的功能。第四章对拉祜语述补结构中的语法化来源及其机制进行了探讨。补语的语法化是述补结构丰富发展的重要方式。根据已有语料，述补结构的来源可能是具有“动作-结果”语义关系的连动结构。语法化的机制主要有重新分析、类推、隐喻和泛化等。但一个词语虚化的诱因或机制是多方面的，在整个虚化过程中，不同阶段发挥着不同的作用。 “结语”部分对全文拉祜语述补结构进行了全面梳理，并对各章节观点加以概括。归纳了本文创新之处，对于研究不足之处进行反思。
[Abstract]:Declarative complement structure is a form of expression of action behavior and cognitive evaluation. The frequent use of the predicate complement in the Lahu language is one of the most dynamic syntactic structures. At present, there is no systematic study on the predicate complement structure of Lahu language, but it is scattered in Jian Zhi and some works. On the basis of the research on the structure of narration and complement in Chinese and Tibetan languages, this paper makes a systematic description and analysis of the structure of the language of Lahu in order to describe and explain its semantics, types of structure, and points out its grammaticalization source and mechanism. The full text is divided into five parts. The introduction mainly introduces the present situation of the research on the predicate complement structure of Lahu language, the research methods, the source of the corpus, the research theory and the significance of the research. The first and second chapters are the second part of the thesis. The first chapter mainly studies the semantic types of predicate complement structure in Lahu language. From the semantic point of view, the predicate complement structure of Lahu language can be divided into seven types, namely, the resultant, the program, the cursive, the descriptive, the possible, the quantitative and the "A31". Each of them has its own characteristics. When each word is used as a complement, its ability to act as a semantic type is different, some of them are single, some may be combined with or nested with different complement types. The second chapter studies the semantic direction and valence of the predicate complement structure in Lahu language. The semantic direction of complement is related to the semantic relevance of the predicate. There are one price, two valence and three valence in the predicate complement structure of Lahu language, but the valence number of the narration complement structure is not necessarily related to the valence of the complement, nor is it the sum of the two prices. The third chapter studies the predicate complement structure of Lahu language from the perspective of structure. According to whether the type of predicate complement of Lahu language has the complement marker "ve33", it can be divided into two types: adhesive type and combined type. The distribution of the two structural types is different, and there is no necessary collocation between semantic types and structural forms. At the same time, the article also analyzes the function of complement marker "ve33". Chapter four discusses the grammaticalization source and its mechanism in the predicate complement structure of Lahu language. Grammaticalization of complement is an important way of rich development of complement structure. According to the existing corpus, the origin of the predicate complement structure may be the continuous structure with the semantic relation of "action-result". The mechanisms of grammaticalization include reanalysis, analogy, metaphor and generalization. However, the inducement or mechanism of a word's vanity is various, and different stages play different roles in the whole process. The conclusion summarizes the structure of the narration and complement of the Lahu language and summarizes the viewpoints of the chapters. Summarized the innovation of this paper, to reflect on the shortcomings of the research.
【学位授予单位】：云南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H258

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