汉语安慰言语行为语用研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 04:37

本文选题：安慰 + 言语行为　；参考：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：安慰是一种常见的言语交际行为。安慰者通过实施安慰言语行为试图减轻或缓解被安慰者由于遭受不幸或挫折等消极事件而产生的负面情绪。然而安慰技能并非天生，需要后天学习。研究安慰言语行为就是为了帮助人们更深入地了解安慰这种言语行为并在日常生活中恰当有效地实施安慰。本文基于言语行为理论，以汉语安慰言语行为研究对象。采用话语补全测试收集语料，并进行定性和定量分析，研究汉语安慰言语行为的策略及其使用频率，并分析权力距离和安慰者的性别对安慰策略的选择所产生的影响。本文共分为五章。第一章概述了研究背景、研究问题、研究意义以及全文结构。第二章首先介绍了本文的理论基础，Austin和Searle的言语行为理论，并对安慰言语行为进行明确定义；然后回顾并评价了国内外与安慰相关的研究文献。第三章详细介绍了本文的研究方法和研究过程。本文使用话语补全测试收集数据。设计的问卷中包括十个需要被试者补完的对话。十个情境中涉及到不同的权力距离关系类型：安慰者权力大于被安慰者，或者相反，或者两者权力相同。数据分析过程包括对安慰策略的定性分类和对安慰策略使用频率的定量计算。第四章根据收集的语料，，详细探讨了汉语安慰言语行为的策略，以及权力距离和安慰者性别对安慰策略选择的影响。首先按照Burleson的“以人为中心”为标准，将安慰言语行为归类成三种主要类型，即低度以人为中心，适度以人为中心和高度以人为中心，并将每一类分成具体的策略和次策略。然后进行定量分析，统计每一种策略的数目并计算使用频率。最后，按照权力距离和安慰者性别分别计算各种安慰策略的使用频率，用以分析这两个社会变量对安慰策略产生的影响。最后，得出本次研究的结论。结论发现，中国人更倾向于选择低度以人为中心的安慰策略，且权力距离和安慰者性别对这种倾向并没有显著的影响。然而，在三大种类之内，这两个社会变量仍在一定程度上影响安慰策略的选择。比如，在适度以人为中心类型中，男性更倾向于转移注意力而女性则更倾向于表扬被安慰者的长处和成就；在低度以人为中心的类型中，男性更倾向于帮助被安慰者解决问题，而女性更倾向于否定消极事件本身。文章的最后，总结了本文的主要发现，并指出本文的局限性以及今后研究的方向。
[Abstract]:Comfort is a common verbal communication. Comforters try to mitigate or alleviate negative emotions caused by misfortune or frustration by the comfort of the consolation. However, comfort is not natural and needs to be learned in the future. This speech act is comforted and comforted properly and effectively in daily life.
This paper, based on the theory of speech act, takes the study of Chinese consolation speech behavior as the object of the study of Chinese consolation speech behavior. Using the discourse complement test to collect the corpus, the qualitative and quantitative analysis is carried out to study the strategies and frequency of the Chinese consolation speech behavior, and to analyze the influence of the power distance and the sex of the consolation on the choice of comfort strategies.
This article is divided into five chapters. The first chapter outlines the research background, research issues, research significance and full text structure. Second Zhang Shouxian introduced the theoretical basis of this article, Austin and Searle's speech behavior theory, and defined the consolation speech behavior clearly; then reviewed and evaluated the research literature related to comfort at home and abroad.
The third chapter introduces the method and process of the study in detail. This article uses the utterance complement test to collect data. The designed questionnaire includes ten dialogues that need to be completed. Ten situations involve different types of power distance relationships: the consolation power is greater than the consoler, or the opposite, or the same power. The data analysis process includes qualitative classification of consolation strategies and quantitative calculation of the frequency of consolation strategies.
In the fourth chapter, according to the collected corpus, the strategies of Chinese consolation speech act are discussed in detail, and the influence of power distance and consolation sex on the choice of consolation strategies is discussed. First, according to Burleson's "centred" as the standard, the consolation speech acts are classified into three main types, that is, the low degree is human centered, the moderate to the human center and the human center. The height is centred, and each class is divided into specific strategies and sub strategies. Then quantitative analysis is carried out to count the number of each strategy and calculate the frequency of use. Finally, the frequency of various consolation strategies is calculated according to the power distance and the consolation sex, which is used to analyze the effects of these two social variables on the consolation strategy. Finally, the conclusion of this study was drawn.
It is found that the Chinese tend to choose a low degree of human centered consolation strategy, and the power distance and the consolation sex do not have a significant impact on this tendency. However, in the three major categories, the two social variables still affect the selection of the consolation strategies to a certain extent. For example, in the moderate type of human centred, men are more. Women tend to shift their attention while women tend to praise the strengths and achievements of the consoled people; in the low degree of human centered type, men tend to help the comforters to solve the problem, while women tend to negate the negative events themselves.
At the end of the article, the main findings of this article are summarized, and the limitations of this paper and the future research directions are pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

【参考文献】