论现代汉语反义复合词及其教学

发布时间：2018-05-28 22:02

本文选题：反义复合词 + 词义　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：反义复合词是由两个意义相反或者相对的单音节语素所构成的并列型或联合型复合词,经常用来表示种种矛盾统一的事物或现象,在现代汉语中又叫“对立词”、“反义相成词”、“反义连文词”等等。由于汉语是非形态的语言,词语之间的组合具有一定的选择性和灵活性,主要通过交际双方的意会来表达,这种复杂的语义关系也就决定了汉语是一种以“意合”语法结构为主的语言。汉语的词汇蕴含着汉民族悠久的历史文化内涵,这种深刻的文化因素不但表现在某些词的构成语素上,而且体现在整个词语的意义方面,共同形成了汉语中复杂有趣而又独特的词汇现象。本文立足于前人对反义复合词的研究,以李行健主编的《现代汉语规范词典》(2005年6月缩印版)中的反义复合词为语料来源,结合中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室编写的《现代汉语词典》(第六版)的相关释义和词例,从以下几个部分来论述这一复合词的主要特点：第一部分,反义复合词的反义关系分类,主要从反义义场的角度将其分为绝对反义、相对反义、关系反义和换位反义四个方面,举出大量的词例目的是让学习者能更加清楚地了解反义复合词。第二部分,反义复合词的语素义与词义的结构分析,在前人研究的基础上分析总结了语素义与词义的组合关系结构,复合词与构词语素的语法功能分析。第三部分,反义复合词的附属义,分别从感情色彩、语体色彩和形象色彩方面对反义复合词进行具体的分析。第四部分,反义复合词的语用文化义,由于社会思维习惯、具体语言环境和文化心理等因素给这一特殊的词汇现象带来了很多不同的文化内涵。第五部分,反义复合词的实际教学,通过课堂测试和问卷调查的方法对比分析了母语为日语的第二语言学习者在习得过程中出现的主要偏误,直观明确地从教学实践中总结出对外汉语教学中反义复合词的习得方法和技巧,以此来更好地学习和运用现代汉语反义复合词。
[Abstract]:Antisense compound is a kind of paratactic or associative compound composed of two opposite or relative monosyllabic morphemes, which is often used to express all kinds of contradictory things or phenomena, and is also called "opposite word" in modern Chinese. "antisense complementary words", "antisense conjunction words" and so on. Since Chinese is a non-morphological language, the combination of words and expressions is selective and flexible, mainly expressed by the will of both sides of the communication. This complex semantic relationship also determines that Chinese is a language dominated by parataxis grammatical structure. The Chinese vocabulary contains the long historical and cultural connotation of the Han nationality. This profound cultural factor is not only reflected in the morpheme of some words, but also in the meaning of the whole word. Together, it forms a complicated and interesting and unique lexical phenomenon in Chinese. Based on the previous researches on antisense compound words, this paper takes the antisense compound words in the Standard Dictionary of Modern Chinese (abbreviated Edition, June 2005), edited by Li Xingjian, as the source of the corpus. Combined with the related definitions and examples of the Modern Chinese Dictionary (sixth Edition) prepared by the editorial Office of the Institute of languages of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, this paper discusses the main features of this compound word from the following parts: In the first part, the antisense relation classification of antisense compound words is divided into four aspects: absolute antisense, relative antisense, relational antisense and transposition antisense. A large number of examples are given to help learners understand antonyms more clearly. The second part is the structure analysis of morpheme meaning and word meaning of antisense compound word. On the basis of previous studies, it summarizes the combination structure of morpheme meaning and word meaning, and analyzes the grammatical function of compound word and word-formation morpheme. In the third part, the subordinate meanings of antisense compound words are analyzed from the aspects of emotional color, style color and image color. In the fourth part, the pragmatic and cultural meanings of antisense compound words bring many different cultural connotations to this special lexical phenomenon due to the social thinking habits, specific language environment and cultural psychology. The fifth part is the actual teaching of antisense compound words. Through classroom tests and questionnaires, the author compares and analyzes the main errors in the acquisition process of second language learners whose mother tongue is Japanese. This paper sums up the acquisition methods and skills of antisense compound words in teaching Chinese as a foreign language from the teaching practice, so as to better learn and use antisense compound words in modern Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

【引证文献】