汉英人称社交指示语的对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 11:38

本文选题：第一人称社交指示语 + 第二人称社交指示语　；参考：《西安外国语大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：指示语是语用学领域中的一个重要课题。它主要探讨如何运用语言形式表示语境特征以及如何依靠语境分析理解话语。而社交指示语又是最能体现出这种语境特征的，它是人际交往中与人际关系联系密切的结构或词语，它们使用的目的在于改变、顺应或调节说话者和对方之间的关系。人称社交指示语是指示语中的普遍现象，任何一个言语交际活动的顺利进行，都要使用，汉英两种语言也不例外。汉英社交指示语都有第一人称社交指示语，第二人称社交指示语以及第三人称社交指示语的分类。本文首先分别将汉英语言的第一人称社交指示语及谦语，第二人称社交指示语及敬语，第三人称社交指示语在不同的场合中的运用进行对比。通过分析，探讨出尽管二者在言语交际中都有三种人称指示语，但在用法上既有相似性又有差异性。在言语交际活动中，我们应该更多的关注两者的区别。之后，文章进一步探究了汉英人称社交指示语产生差异的因素，对其进行理据追索。通过引入乔姆斯基的普遍语法与原则参数理论，得知汉英人称社交指示语拥有共同的普遍性即二者人称社交指示语的使用，是为言语交际服务的，旨在保证言语交际的成功实现。即使汉英人称社交指示语的表达不同，它们在言语交际活动中的作用和功能是一致的，只有这样的用法，完整的言语交际才得以形成。当然，汉英人称社交指示语在拥有共性的同时，，也具有差异性。在普遍性原则的前提下，由于不同参数的参与，比如文化参数，语境参数，社会制度参数等等，使得汉英人称社交指示语又含有各自的特点。因而本文主要将汉英人称社交指示语进行对比，通过乔姆斯基的普遍语法与原则参数理论知识的分析，了解二者在第一人称、第二人称及第三人称社交指示语上的异同点，目的在于帮助我们在言语交际中理解谈话双方的意图，并在日常生活中如何运用汉英不同的人称社交指示语与他人沟通交谈，避免语用失误，使跨文化交际有效地进行。
[Abstract]:Deixis is an important subject in the field of pragmatics. It mainly discusses how to use linguistic forms to express contextual characteristics and how to understand discourse by contextual analysis. Social deixis are the structures or words which are closely related to human relations in interpersonal communication. Their purpose is to change, adapt or regulate the relationship between the speaker and the other person. Personal social deixis is a common phenomenon in deixis. Both Chinese and English social deixis have the first person social deixis, the second person social deixis and the third person social deixis. The first person social deixis and modesty, the second person social deixis and honorific, the third person social deixis are compared in different situations. Through analysis, it is found that although there are three personal deixis in verbal communication, there are similarities and differences in usage. In verbal communication, we should pay more attention to the difference between the two. After that, the paper further explores the factors of the differences between Chinese and English personal social deixis, and tries to find out their motivations. By introducing Chomsky's theory of universal grammar and principle parameters, it is found that Chinese and English personal social deixis have the same universality, that is, the use of the two personal social deixis is for the purpose of verbal communication. The aim is to ensure the successful realization of verbal communication. Even though the expressions of Chinese and English personal social deixis are different, their roles and functions in verbal communication are the same. Only in this way can complete verbal communication be formed. Of course, both Chinese and English personal social deixis have similarities and differences. Under the principle of universality, due to the participation of different parameters, such as cultural parameters, context parameters, social system parameters and so on, Chinese and English personal social deixis have their own characteristics. Therefore, this paper mainly compares the Chinese and English personal social deixis, and through the analysis of Chomsky's theory of universal grammar and principle parameters, finds out the similarities and differences between them in the first person, the second person and the third person social deixis. The purpose of this paper is to help us understand the intention of both sides of the conversation in verbal communication and how to use different personal deixis in our daily life to communicate with others in order to avoid pragmatic failure so that intercultural communication can be carried out effectively.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313;H136

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