西汉语言中性别歧视的比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 13:04

本文选题：语言性别歧视 + 对比　；参考：《广东外语外贸大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：性别歧视是普遍存在的一种社会现象，在不同的社会制度和国家中都不同程度地存在着。语言作为我们理解和接受现实的有效工具，可以在其使用中反映社会价值观念。语言性别歧视就是反映在语言使用中的性别歧视现象。广义的性别歧视包括对男性和女性的歧视,本文仅从对女性的角度进行语言性别歧视的研究。这种现象在西班牙语和汉语中颇为常见，是指不公平的对待女性和男性或排除，轻视，贬低女性的语言表达方式。按照萨皮尔-沃尔夫假说的观点，语言不仅仅是社会的产物，它还能反过来影响人们的思维与精神构建。在西方国家，语言学家对语言性别差异的认识起源于上世纪六十年代的女权主义运动。但初期的研究主要集中在男女两性所用词和音位的考察上，后来延伸到语法特征。我国的学者八十年代之后才研究汉语中的性别歧视。就全世界范围来看，，专家学者自七十年代之后开始系统的研究语言与性别的关系，并且在语言性别歧视方面也有了巨大进步，研究的基础体现在语言的不对称现象上，以此揭示性别歧视的语言表现形式。本文主要以标记理论和女性主义理论为理论框架，分别从词汇层，句法层，语义层各语言层面深入分析性别歧视现象在西班牙语和汉语中的体现，并对两者进行对比。由于语言具有普遍性，性别歧视现象在两种语言中的体现有一些相同之处；但是，因为西班牙语和汉语属于不同的语族，两者的差异又造成了语言性别歧视体现的不同。本文在分析两者异同之后，又结合原型理论，从文化历史和社会背景等方面阐释西汉语言性别歧视的成因。最后，本文尝试从以下两方面探索了语言性别歧视发展的趋势：语言性别歧视在两种语言中的消除；语言性别歧视的前景。语言的变化是一个缓慢的过程，不是轻而易举就完成的。语言性别歧视是一个牵扯到社会学，心理学等学科的复杂现象，人们只有改变性别歧视的思想意识，才能真正消除语言中的性别歧视现象实现两性的平等。
[Abstract]:Sex discrimination is a social phenomenon which exists in different social systems and countries. As an effective tool to understand and accept reality, language can reflect social values in its use. Gender discrimination in language is a phenomenon of gender discrimination reflected in language use. Gender discrimination in a broad sense includes discrimination against men and women. This phenomenon is quite common in Spanish and Chinese, refers to unfair treatment of women and men or exclude, despise, belittle women's language expression. According to the Sapir-Wolff hypothesis, language is not only a product of society, it can also affect people's thinking and spiritual construction. In western countries, linguists' understanding of gender differences in language originated from the feminist movement in the 1960's. But the initial studies focused on the words and phonemes of both sexes, and later extended to grammatical features. Chinese scholars studied sexism in Chinese only after 1980's. Throughout the world, experts and scholars have systematically studied the relationship between language and gender since the 1970s, and have made great progress in language sexism, which is based on the asymmetry of language. In order to reveal the linguistic manifestations of gender discrimination. Based on the Markedness Theory and the Feminist Theory, this paper makes a deep analysis of sexism in Spanish and Chinese from the lexical, syntactic and semantic levels, and compares the two. Because of the universality of language, the phenomenon of sexism in the two languages has some similarities; however, because Spanish and Chinese belong to different language families, the difference between them leads to the difference of gender discrimination in language. After analyzing the similarities and differences between the two, this paper, combined with prototype theory, explains the causes of sexism in the Western Han Dynasty from the aspects of culture, history and social background. Finally, this paper attempts to explore the development trend of linguistic sexism from the following two aspects: the elimination of linguistic sexism in the two languages and the prospect of linguistic sexism. Language change is a slow process, not an easy one. Gender discrimination in language is a complex phenomenon involving sociology and psychology. Only by changing the ideology of gender discrimination can we truly eliminate the phenomenon of gender discrimination in language and realize gender equality.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H34;H136

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