格莱斯理论与翻译

发布时间：2018-06-04 21:22

本文选题：语用对等 + 格莱斯意义理论　；参考：《华东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统翻译理论认为翻译是一个解码过程。译者只需要脱去出发语的外衣,找到语言外壳下的信息,再套上目的语的外壳便能实现信息传递的目的。它忽略了译者和读者所处的社会文化背景和认知能力。格莱斯通过其意义理论指出,语言交流并非解码这么简单,它是一个推理模式。发话者在考虑到接收者的背景和认知能力后,将其意图示意给对方,而话语接收者则根据自己的背景知识推理出发话者的意图。作为后格莱斯理论的关联理论进一步提出,语言交流是“明示-推理”的过程,因此,翻译是一种跨语言跨文化的“明示-推理”过程。译者首先要作为接收者推理作者的意图,然后作为发话者,在考虑读者的文化背景和认知能力的前提下示意作者意图。本文从格莱斯理论下翻译的本质出发,提出译者的任务是使目的语读者能够推理出作者的意图,进而指出,从语用学角度看,作者的意图主要体现在话语的信息内容及言外之力两个方面。因此,要帮助读者推理出作者意图,需在这两个方面实现对等,也就是本文定义的语用对等概念。在文章第二部分,本文将探讨文化背景及认识能力的差异对实现语用对等带来的困难。在第三部分,本文将探讨实现语用对等的策略和局限。其中,格莱斯的会话含义理论对隐含义推导的启发是分析的重点。通过分析会话含义理论对实现语用对等的帮助及其局限,本文提出应该客观看待格莱斯理论与翻译的联系：首先,其两大理论之一的意义理论使翻译得到了重新定义。推理模式下的翻译目的应该是通过实现语用对等使目的语读者推导出作者意图,而不是“保留”出发语外壳下的原文信息；其次,在实现语用对等的过程中,格莱斯的会话含义理论提出了推导隐含义的过程和条件,对译者和读者对隐含义的理解提供了帮助。但会话含义理论有其局限,虽然有新格莱斯主义和后格莱斯主义作为补充,但也并不能成其为一个完整的翻译理论。格莱斯理论下的翻译仍有很多问题有待解决。
[Abstract]:The traditional translation theory holds that translation is a decoding process. The translator only needs to take off the outer coat of the starting language, find the information under the language shell, and then set the shell of the target language to achieve the purpose of information transmission. It ignores the socio-cultural background and cognitive power of the translator and the reader. Through its meaning theory, Grice points out the language. Communication is not so simple as decoding, it is a model of reasoning. The speaker, after taking into account the receiver's background and cognitive ability, signaled its intention to the other, and the recipient of the discourse reasoning the intention of the speaker according to his background knowledge. The process of inference is that translation is a cross language and intercultural "ostensive inferential" process. The translator should first, as the receiver, to reason the author's intention, and then, as the speaker, give the author's intention on the premise of considering the readers' cultural background and cognitive ability.
This article, starting with the essence of Grice's theory of translation, puts forward that the task of the translator is to enable the target reader to deduce the author's intention, and then points out that, from the perspective of pragmatics, the author's intention is mainly embodied in the two aspects of the content of the discourse and the force of the words. Therefore, it is necessary to help the reader to deduce the author's intention from the two parties. In the second part of the article, the second part of the article will discuss the difficulties that the differences between cultural background and cognitive ability bring to pragmatic equivalence. In the third part, this paper will discuss the strategies and limitations of the realization of pragmatic equivalence. Among them, Grice's conversational implicature derives the derivation of implicit meaning. By analyzing the help and limitation of Conversational Implicature to pragmatic equivalence, this paper proposes that the relationship between Grice's theory and translation should be viewed objectively: first, the meaning theory of one of the two major theories makes translation redefined. The purpose of translation under reasoning mode should be to achieve pragmatic equivalence. In the course of realizing pragmatic equivalence, Grice's theory of conversational implicature provides the process and conditions for deriving implicit meaning in the process of realizing pragmatic equivalence, which provides help to translators and readers in the understanding of implicit meaning, but conversational implicature has its limitations. Although the new Grice doctrine and the post Grice doctrine are supplemented, they can not become a complete translation theory. There are still many problems to be solved in the translation of Grice theory.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H059

【参考文献】