韩国留学生汉语结果补语习得特点和偏误分析

发布时间：2018-06-07 22:10

本文选题：韩国语 + 结果补语　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：述补结构是汉语语法结构所特有的一种语法形式，在整个语法结构系统中占有非常重要的地位。述补结构的使用频率高、句法形式多样等特点增加了外国留学生的学习难度，另外，外国留学生在学习和使用述补结构的过程中容易受到母语的影响，产生负迁移。因此，述补结构也一直是对外汉语教学中的重点和难点。述补结构中的结果补语是外国留学生接触相对较早，同时也是出现偏误较多的句法结构，结果补语的研究对于对外汉语教学系统的完善具有非常重要的意义。本文以中高级韩国留学生在学习和使用汉语结果补语过程中出现的问题为主要研究方向，以HSK作文语料库中韩国留学生汉语写作中的结果补语为研究对象，对十三个典型结果补语“V+完”“V+好”“V+到”“V+成”“V+住”“V+见”“V+着”“V+开”“V+掉”“V+懂”“V+上”“V+下”“V+清楚”习得特点进行分析，总结出结果补语的主要偏误类型，，并对偏误产生的原因进行了分析。结果补语出现的主要偏误类型有：“动词+结果补语”结构成分缺失、“动词+结果补语”结构否定形式的偏误、助词“了”替代结果补语的偏误和“动词+结果补语”结构带宾语的偏误等。具有中高级汉语水平的韩国留学生在学习中已经掌握了一些结果补语的用法，但是其母语中没有与结果补语相对应的句法结构，以及结果补语本身的复杂性和多样性，导致韩国留学生在使用汉语结果补语过程中出现大量的偏误。因此汉语结果补语是韩国留学生进行汉语学习的重点和难点。本文分析韩国留学生汉语结果补语的习得特点，进而归纳其偏误类型以及偏误产生的根源，希望能够对对韩汉语教学提供一些有价值的参考，同时，可以帮助韩国留学生在汉语实际语言交际中正确地使用结果补语。
[Abstract]:Predicate-complement structure is a special grammatical form of Chinese grammatical structure and plays a very important role in the whole grammatical structure system. The high frequency and various syntactic forms increase the learning difficulty of foreign students. In addition, foreign students are vulnerable to the influence of their mother tongue and negative transfer in the process of learning and using the sentence complement structure. Therefore, the narrative-complement structure has always been the focus and difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The result complement in the predicate complement structure is that the foreign students come into contact with each other relatively early, and at the same time, it is also a syntactic structure with more errors. Results the study of complement is of great significance to the improvement of the teaching system of Chinese as a foreign language. Taking the resultant complement in the Chinese writing of Korean students in the HSK composition corpus as the research object, The acquisition characteristics of thirteen typical resultant complements "V end" V good "V" to "V Cheng" V "," V see "V open", "V understand" V "under" V clear "were analyzed. The main error types of resultant complement are summarized, and the causes of errors are analyzed. Results the main types of errors in complement are as follows: the structural components of verb result complement are missing, and the negative form of verb result complement is wrong. The errors of the auxiliary word "the substitute result complement" and the "verb result complement" structure with the object error, etc. Korean students with middle and advanced Chinese level have already mastered the usage of some result complement in their study. However, there is no syntactic structure corresponding to the resultant complement in their mother tongue, and the complexity and diversity of the resultant complement itself lead to a large number of errors in the process of using Chinese resultant complement. Therefore, Chinese resultant complement is the key and difficulty for Korean students to study Chinese. This paper analyzes the characteristics of Korean students' acquisition of Chinese resultant complement, and then sums up the types of errors and the root causes of errors, hoping to provide some valuable reference for Korean Chinese teaching, and at the same time, It can help Korean students to use the resultant complement correctly in Chinese language communication.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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